Der Chirurg; Zeitschrift für alle Gebiete der operativen Medizen
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Comparative Study
[Surgical pain management. A Germany-wide survey including the effect of clinical guidelines].
Over the last few years, various studies have aimed at improving the diagnosis and therapy of perioperative and posttraumatic pain. ⋯ Although clinical guidelines are widely used, pain therapy in surgical patients has improved only marginally.
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Pleural drainage becomes a vital measure to restore physiological conditions in cases of loss of pleural negative pressure, regardless its etiology. Therefore, it is not surprising that hardly any evidence based publications on this topic are available. For the treatment of pleural empyema,the history of pleural drainage goes back to antiquity. ⋯ It is not advisable to use a closed insertion with the help of a trocar due to the significantly increased risk of injury. The insertion of a pleural drainage when correctly placed is a safe procedure; rare typical complications involve the wrong placement of the drainage, hemorrhage or infection like pleural empyema. The complication rate, however, does not exceed 3%.