Epilepsia
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Comparative Study
Electroencephalographic characterization of spike-wave discharges in cortex and thalamus in WAG/Rij rats.
The waveform of spontaneous spike-wave discharges (SWD) in the electroencephalogram (EEG) was delineated in the WAG/Rij rat model of absence epilepsy according to the definitions of clinical electroencephalography. We defined four elements in SWD based on the schema of Weir (1965): Spike 1 and 2, Positive Transient (PT), and Wave. The EEG patterns of generalized type I and local type II SWD in cortical and thalamic areas were analyzed. ⋯ The EEG structure of SWD in WAG/Rij rats was comparable with that of epileptic patients, suggesting face validity of the WAG/Rij model. Fast transients spikes are an integrative part of SWD I. Time-amplitude linkage between cortical and thalamic counterparts of SWD I suggests a complex spatiotemporal organization of SWD I. The thalamus sustained SWD I, but not SWD II.
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Comparative Study
Convulsive status epilepticus: clinical profile in a developing country.
In developing countries optimal care of status epilepticus (SE) is associated with major barriers, particularly transportation. ⋯ This study suggests that longer duration of SE and acute symptomatic etiology are independent predictors of lack of response to first-line drugs. Failure to respond to first-line drugs and duration predict the outcome.
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Comparative Study
The impact of cerebral source area and synchrony on recording scalp electroencephalography ictal patterns.
To determine the cerebral electroencephalography (EEG) substrates of scalp EEG seizure patterns, such as source area and synchrony, and in so doing assess the limitations of scalp seizure recording in the localization of seizure onset zones in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. ⋯ Sufficient source area and synchrony are mandatory cerebral EEG requirements for generating scalp-recordable ictal EEG patterns. The dynamic interaction of cortical source area and synchrony at the onset and during a seizure is a primary reason for heterogeneous scalp ictal EEG patterns.
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[18F]-Fluoro-d-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is an expensive, invasive, and not widely available technique used in the presurgical evaluation of temporal lobe epilepsy. We assessed its added value to the decision-making process in relation to other commonly used tests. ⋯ In patients referred for TLE surgery, FDG-PET findings can form the basis for deciding whether a patient is eligible for surgery, and especially when MRI or video-EEG monitoring are nonlocalizing.