Headache
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To report the unique effectiveness of propofol, an intravenous anesthetic agent, in treating refractory migraines and other headaches in the setting of an outpatient headache center. ⋯ The use of intravenous propofol may represent a new, rapid, and highly effective form of abortive headache treatment in the headache clinic or emergency room setting and may offer an alternative to other treatment modalities for acute migraine and other severe intractable headaches. The effectiveness of propofol raises many new questions about the pathophysiology of migraine and other headaches.
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Our goals were (1) to investigate the causes of acute headache in childhood from the emergency department perspective and (2) to search for clinical clues that might distinguish headache associated with serious underlying disease. ⋯ In children and adolescents, the abrupt onset of severe headache is most frequently caused by upper respiratory tract infection with fever, sinusitis, or migraine. Special attention is warranted if the acute headache is occipital in location and if the affected patient is unable to describe the quality of the pain. Serious underlying processes such as brain tumor or intracranial hemorrhage are uncommon and, when present, are accompanied by multiple neurological signs (ataxia, hemiparesis, papilledema).
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Clinical Trial
Dynamic assessment of abnormalities in central pain transmission and modulation in tension-type headache sufferers.
To examine and compare central pain processing and modulation in young tension-type headache sufferers with that of matched healthy controls using an induced headache "challenge" paradigm. ⋯ These results confirm previous findings indicating abnormally high pericranial muscle tenderness in young tension headache sufferers even in the headache-free state. In addition, the results suggest that the development of headaches following noxious stimulation is more strongly related to headache proneness and associated abnormalities in central pain transmission or modulation (indexed by pericranial muscle tenderness and exteroceptive suppression responses) than muscle strain induced by jaw clenching.
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A population-based epidemiological survey of migraine without aura and migraine with aura completed by mailed questionnaire in Hungary. The diagnosis and classification of migraine was according to the criteria of the International Headache Society. ⋯ Sixty-seven percent of these people experienced some kind of headache during their lives. The 1-year prevalence of migraine without aura was 7.6% (the female/male ratio was 3:1), while the 1-year prevalence of migraine with aura was 2% (female/male ratio was 2:1). Most migraineurs experienced headache attacks 1 to 4 times monthly, which lasted 24 hours. The most characteristic accompanying signs were nausea and phonophobia. Stress, sleep deprivation, hot weather, and fasting were the most common precipitating factors of a migraine attack. In the migraine with aura group, the most common aura was a visual disturbance. Only 43% of migraineurs had ever consulted a physician for headache, and only 15% of patients had missed work or school because of a migraine attack in the previous year. Most of the patients suffering from migraine without aura were between 20 and 40 years old, while migraineurs with aura were over 40 years old. According to this investigation, the prevalence of migraine was not lower than in Western countries.
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To examine the psychosocial correlates of chronic tension-type headache and the impact of chronic tension-type headache on work, social functioning, and well-being. ⋯ Chronic tension-type headache has a greater impact on individuals' lives than has generally been realized, with affective distress being an important correlate of impairment. If treatment is to remedy impairment in functioning, affective distress, as well as pain, thus needs to be addressed.