Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Oct 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEffectiveness of a multifactorial intervention program to reduce falls incidence among community-living older adults: a randomized controlled trial.
To determine the effectiveness of a multifactorial intervention program to prevent falls among older adults as compared with a brief intervention. ⋯ Although the reduction of falls in the IG was nearly halved, and after the intervention there was a significant reduction in the number of falls at these patients' homes, the multifactorial intervention program is no more effective than the brief intervention to reduce the overall risk of falls.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Oct 2012
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyValidity of the Life Satisfaction questions, the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire, and the Satisfaction With Life Scale in persons with spinal cord injury.
To assess and compare the validity of 3 life satisfaction instruments in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). ⋯ Overall, the validity of all 3 life satisfaction measures was supported. Despite questionable internal consistency, the concurrent and divergent validity of the LS Questions was at least as good as the validity of the LiSat-9 and the SWLS.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Oct 2012
Depression and neurocognitive performance after concussion among male and female high school and collegiate athletes.
To prospectively examine the relationship of sport-related concussion with depression and neurocognitive performance and symptoms among male and female high school and college athletes. A secondary objective was to explore age and sex differences. ⋯ Although not clinically significant, athletes experienced increased depression scores up to 14 days after concussion that coincided with neurocognitive decrements in reaction time and visual memory. Somatic depression appears to be most salient with regard to lower neurocognitive performance. Mood assessments after concussion are warranted to help monitor and enhance recovery.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Oct 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialCan surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the wrist and hand combined with routine therapy facilitate recovery of arm function in patients with stroke?
To investigate whether treatment with surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation to the wrist extensors improves recovery of arm function in severely disabled patients with stroke. ⋯ In patients with severe stroke, with no functional arm movement, electrical stimulation of wrist extensors improves muscle strength for wrist extension and grip, and larger studies are required to study its influence on arm function.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Oct 2012
ReviewMedical rehabilitation after natural disasters: why, when, and how?
Natural disasters can cause significant numbers of severe, disabling injuries, resulting in a public health emergency and requiring foreign assistance. However, since medical rehabilitation services are often poorly developed in disaster-affected regions and not highly prioritized by responding teams, physical and rehabilitation medicine (PRM) has historically been underemphasized in global disaster planning and response. Recent development of the specialties of "disaster medicine" and "disaster rehabilitation" has raised awareness of the critical importance of rehabilitation intervention during the immediate postdisaster emergency response. ⋯ The authors then summarize the current state of disaster-related research, as well as lessons learned from PRM emergency rehabilitation response in recent disasters. Resulting recommendations for greater integration of PRM services into the immediate emergency disaster response are provided. This report aims to stimulate development of research and practice in the emerging discipline of disaster rehabilitation within organizations that provide medical rehabilitation services during the postdisaster emergency response.