Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Jul 2013
Initiation of physical, occupational, and speech therapy in children with traumatic brain injury.
(1) To determine factors associated with physical therapy (PT) or occupational therapy (OT) evaluation and speech or swallow therapy evaluation in hospitalized children with traumatic brain injury (TBI); (2) to describe when during the hospital stay the initial therapy evaluations typically occur; and (3) to quantify any between-hospital variation in therapy evaluation. ⋯ There is wide between-hospital variation in provision of rehabilitation therapies for children with TBI. Evidence-based criteria for initiation of routine therapy evaluations after TBI are needed.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Jul 2013
Review Meta AnalysisEffects of an ankle-foot orthosis on balance and walking after stroke: a systematic review and pooled meta-analysis.
To determine the effectiveness of an ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) on mobility, walking, and balance in people with stroke. ⋯ An AFO can improve walking and balance after stroke, but only the immediate effects have been examined. The effects and acceptability of long-term usage need to be evaluated.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Jul 2013
ReviewParticipation after multidisciplinary rehabilitation for moderate to severe traumatic brain injury in adults: a systematic review.
To determine the effectiveness and comparative effectiveness of multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs for moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in improving participation-related outcomes in adults. This article presents results of select key questions from a recent Agency for Healthcare Quality and Research comparative effectiveness review. ⋯ Our review used a rigorous systematic review methodology and focused on participation after multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs for impairments from moderate to severe TBI. The available evidence did not demonstrate the superiority of one approach over another. This conclusion is consistent with previous reviews that examined other patient-centered outcomes. While these findings will have little clinical impact, they do point out the limited evidence available to assess effectiveness and comparative effectiveness while highlighting important issues to consider in future comparative effectiveness research on this topic.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Jul 2013
Clinical TrialUse of ultrasound in needle placement in intercostal muscles: a method for increased accuracy in cadavers.
To validate the use of ultrasound technology for the positioning and leveling of intercostal needle placement. ⋯ Ultrasound guidance dramatically increases needle placement accuracy for intercostal nerve blocks and intercostal muscle sampling for electromyography.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Jul 2013
Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale: reliability and validity in children receiving inpatient rehabilitation for acquired brain injury.
To investigate the psychometric properties of the Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale (PAMS) in children receiving inpatient rehabilitation for acquired brain injury (ABI). ⋯ The PAMS is a reliable and valid measure of progress during inpatient rehabilitation for children with ABI. By capturing fine-grain progress toward both lower-level and higher-level mobility skills, the PAMS complements the WeeFIM in assessing functional gains during the rehabilitation stay.