Jornal de pediatria
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To review the current therapeutic approach of intracranial hypertension in pediatric patients admitted to intensive care unit. ⋯ The goals of management of pediatric patients with intracranial hypertension include: normalizing the intracranial pressure, optimizing cerebral blood flow and cerebral perfusion pressure, preventing second insults that exacerbate secondary injury, and avoiding complications associated with the various treatment modalities employed.
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Jornal de pediatria · Jul 2003
Case Reports[Bronchoscopic removal of foreign body from airway through tracheotomy or tracheostomy].
Most foreign bodies in the airway are removed by respiratory endoscopy. Rarely, the removal of the foreign body has to be performed through endoscopic control by tracheotomy or tracheostomy. This article reports three cases of foreign body removal in children performed by tracheal opening. ⋯ Most foreign bodies in the airway of children can be removed by endoscopy. When the foreign body is too large to pass through the subglottic region, or so sharp that it can injure the airway, the use of tracheotomy or tracheostomy is indicated.
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Jornal de pediatria · Jul 2003
[Sedation and analgesia in children submitted to mechanical ventilation could be overestimated?].
To describe the pattern of analgesic and sedative infusions in children submitted to mechanical ventilation in a regional pediatric intensive care unit during a 12-month period. To compare the use of these drugs among clinical and surgical patients, as well evaluate the influence of the length of use on the average daily doses and on the incidence of abstinence syndrome. ⋯ This study evaluated the daily practice in a regional PICU, and it demonstrated that analgesic and sedative infusions in children submitted to mechanical ventilation are used according to an uncontrolled pattern (average 1.7 drugs/patient/day) and those classified as clinical patients used these drugs for longer periods, what could explain the higher prevalence of abstinence syndrome in this group.
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Jornal de pediatria · May 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial[Effect of preterm infant position on weaning from mechanical ventilation].
To determine the effects of prone positioning on cardiorespiratory stability and weaning outcome of preterm infants during weaning from mechanical ventilation. ⋯ These results suggest that prone position is a safe and beneficial procedure during weaning from mechanical ventilation and may contribute to weaning success in preterm infants.
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Jornal de pediatria · May 2003
Review[Acute upper respiratory tract infections: outpatient diagnosis and treatment].
To present an updated review of the most common upper respiratory infections (URI) in children seen by the pediatrician in outpatient clinics, for better diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. ⋯ URI are the most common cause of visits to pediatrician clinics. Therefore, update and critical concepts, as well as references are essential for a proper management of these illnesses, decreasing the indication of unnecessary diagnostic tests and avoiding non-effective and harmful treatments.