Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Dec 2012
7 T MRI reveals diffuse iron deposition in putamen and caudate nucleus in CADASIL.
Diffuse iron deposition in the brain is commonly found in older people. One of the possible mechanisms that contribute to this iron deposition is cerebral small vessel disease. The aim of this study is to quantify diffuse iron deposition in patients with the hereditary small vessel disease cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). ⋯ This study demonstrates increased diffuse iron accumulation in the putamen and caudate nucleus in patients with the small vessel disease CADASIL. This supports the hypothesis that small vessel disease contributes to the process of increased iron accumulation in the general population.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Dec 2012
Low vitamin D and elevated immunoreactivity against Epstein-Barr virus before first clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis.
Vitamin D deficiency and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection may be associated with the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) levels and anti-EBV immunoreactivity in 25 individuals before the first clinical manifestation of MS. ⋯ Low vitamin D and remote EBV infection may be associated with clinical MS breakthrough within 2-3 years.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Dec 2012
Risk and outcomes for traumatic brain injury in patients with mental disorders.
To investigate the risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and post-injury mortality in patients with mental disorders. ⋯ Patients with mental disorders have an increased risk of TBI. Intensity of psychiatric medication is associated with increased post-injury mortality. Special attention to prevent TBI among this disabled population is mandatory.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Dec 2012
Nationwide survey of patients in Japan with Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis: epidemiological and clinical characteristics.
Information regarding the epidemiological background of Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (BBE) is limited. ⋯ BBE is a rare disorder but accounts for a major proportion of brainstem encephalitis. BBE consists of typical and atypical cases. Typical BBE has similar neurological and serological features to Fisher syndrome and shows good recovery whereas atypical BBE is characterised by delayed recovery, negative anti-GQ1b antibodies, and abnormal CSF and brain MRI findings with other possible pathogeneses.