Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Nov 2016
ReviewNeuronal network disintegration: common pathways linking neurodegenerative diseases.
Neurodegeneration refers to a heterogeneous group of brain disorders that progressively evolve. It has been increasingly appreciated that many neurodegenerative conditions overlap at multiple levels and therefore traditional clinicopathological correlation approaches to better classify a disease have met with limited success. ⋯ In addition, evidence that may support the existence of large-scale networks that might be contributing to phenotypic differentiation will be considered across a neurodegenerative spectrum. Disintegration of neuronal networks through different pathological processes, such as prion-like spread, may provide a better paradigm of disease and thereby facilitate the identification of novel therapies for neurodegeneration.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Nov 2016
Role of genetic susceptibility variants in predicting clinical course in multiple sclerosis: a cohort study.
The genetic drivers of multiple sclerosis (MS) clinical course are essentially unknown with limited data arising from severity and clinical phenotype analyses in genome-wide association studies. ⋯ These data strongly suggest that MS genetic risk variants significantly influence MS clinical course and that this effect is polygenic.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Nov 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialRate of perihaematomal oedema expansion is associated with poor clinical outcomes in intracerebral haemorrhage.
Perihaematomal edema (PHE) expansion rate may be a predictor of outcome after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). We determined whether PHE expansion rate in the first 72 hours after ICH predicts outcome, and how it compares against other PHE measures. ⋯ Rate of PHE growth over 72 hours was an independent predictor of mortality and poor functional outcomes following ICH. Baseline haematoma volume and gender appear to influence PHE growth.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Nov 2016
Utility of testing for apraxia and associated features in dementia.
Existing literature suggests that the presence or absence of apraxia and associated parietal deficits may be clinically relevant in differential diagnosis of dementia syndromes. ⋯ Disease-specific profiles of limb apraxia and associated deficits can be observed. FTD and AD spectrum disorders can be difficult to differentiate due to overlapping cognitive symptoms, and measures of apraxia, in particular, appear to be a promising discriminator.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Nov 2016
Relationship of grey and white matter abnormalities with distance from the surface of the brain in multiple sclerosis.
To assess the association between proximity to the inner (ventricular and aqueductal) and outer (pial) surfaces of the brain and the distribution of normal appearing white matter (NAWM) and grey matter (GM) abnormalities, and white matter (WM) lesions, in multiple sclerosis (MS). ⋯ In MS, MTR abnormalities in NAWM and GM are related to distance from the inner and outer surfaces of the brain, and this suggests that there is a common factor underlying their spatial distribution. A similar pattern was not found for WM lesions, raising the possibility that different factors promote their formation.