Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Dec 2016
Widespread structural brain involvement in ALS is not limited to the C9orf72 repeat expansion.
In patients with a C9orf72 repeat expansion (C9+), a neuroimaging phenotype with widespread structural cerebral changes has been found. We aimed to investigate the specificity of this neuroimaging phenotype in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ⋯ This study shows that widespread structural brain involvement is not limited to C9+ patients, but also presents in a subgroup of C9- patients with ALS and relates to cognitive deficits. Our neuroimaging findings reveal an intermediate phenotype that may provide insight into the complex relationship between genetic factors and clinical characteristics.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Dec 2016
Dietary salt intake and time to relapse in paediatric multiple sclerosis.
Salt intake was reported to be associated with increased clinical and MRI activity in adult patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). ⋯ Higher salt intake was not associated with decreased time to relapse in patients with paediatric-onset MS.
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and usually fatal neurodegenerative disease. Survival from diagnosis varies considerably. Several prognostic factors are known, including site of onset (bulbar or limb), age at symptom onset, delay from onset to diagnosis and the use of riluzole and non-invasive ventilation (NIV). Clinicians and patients would benefit from a practical way of using these factors to provide an individualised prognosis. ⋯ A simple and clinically applicable graphical method of predicting an individual patient's survival from diagnosis is presented. The model should be validated in an independent cohort, and extended to include other important prognostic factors.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Dec 2016
Depressive symptoms influence global cognitive impairment indirectly by reducing memory and executive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment.
Depressive symptoms negatively influence global cognition in the elderly; however, the mechanism of this effect remains unclear. ⋯ Depressive symptoms influence global cognitive function in patients with MCI indirectly by reducing mental space, mental flexibility and their capacity for consolidating and retrieving memories. These findings may guide clinicians to better diagnose and manage cognitive impairment in the context of concomitant depressive symptoms.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Dec 2016
Letter Case ReportsTemporary neurocognitive impairment with Ebola virus.