Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2017
Intracellular and non-neuronal targets of voltage-gated potassium channel complex antibodies.
Autoantibodies against the extracellular domains of the voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex proteins, leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) and contactin-associated protein-2 (CASPR2), are found in patients with limbic encephalitis, faciobrachial dystonic seizures, Morvan's syndrome and neuromyotonia. However, in routine testing, VGKC complex antibodies without LGI1 or CASPR2 reactivities (double-negative) are more common than LGI1 or CASPR2 specificities. Therefore, the target(s) and clinical associations of double-negative antibodies need to be determined. ⋯ Double-negative VGKC complex antibodies are often directed against cytosolic epitopes of Kv1 subunits and occasionally against non-mammalian αDTX. These antibodies should no longer be classified as neuronal-surface antibodies. They consequently lack pathogenic potential and do not in themselves support the use of immunotherapies.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2017
C9orf72 expansion differentially affects males with spinal onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
The C9orf72 repeat expansion has been reported as a negative prognostic factor in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We have examined the prognostic impact of the C9orf72 repeat expansion in European subgroups based on gender and site of onset. ⋯ This study represents the largest combined analysis of the prognostic characteristics of the C9orf72 expansion. We have shown for the first time that the negative prognostic implication of this variant is driven by males with spinal onset disease, indicating a hitherto unrecognised gender-mediated effect of the variant that requires further exploration.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2017
Review Meta AnalysisIntensive blood pressure lowering in patients with acute intracerebral haemorrhage: clinical outcomes and haemorrhage expansion. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials.
It is unclear whether intensive lowering of blood pressure (BP) at the acute phase of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is beneficial. We performed a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to assess whether intensive BP lowering in patients with acute ICH is safe and effective in improving clinical outcomes. ⋯ For patients with acute ICH similar to those included in RCTs and without contraindication to acute BP treatment, intensive acute BP lowering is safe, but does not seem to provide an incremental clinical benefit in terms of functional outcomes. The effect of intensive BP lowering on significant haematoma expansion at 24 hours warrants further investigation.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudySubcutaneous interferon β-1a in the treatment of clinically isolated syndromes: 3-year and 5-year results of the phase III dosing frequency-blind multicentre REFLEXION study.
Early treatment following a first clinical demyelinating event (FCDE) delays further disease activity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study determined the effects of early versus delayed treatment (DT) with subcutaneous interferon (sc IFN) β-1a 44 μg in patients with an FCDE up to 60 months postrandomisation. ⋯ Over 5 years in patients presenting with an FCDE, early sc IFN β-1a tiw administration versus DT prolonged time to CDMS and McDonald MS, and reduced overall MRI activity.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2017
Multicenter Study Observational StudyICARUS study: prevalence and clinical features of impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease.
Impulse control disorders/other compulsive behaviours ('ICD behaviours') occur in Parkinson's disease (PD), but prospective studies are scarce, and prevalence and clinical characteristics of patients are insufficiently defined. ⋯ Prevalence of ICD behaviours was relatively stable across the 2-year observational period. ICD-positive patients had more severe depression, poorer sleep quality and reduced quality of life.