Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2018
Longitudinal diffusion imaging across the C9orf72 clinical spectrum.
Discrepancies between diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) findings and functional rating scales in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may be due to symptom heterogeneity, particularly coexisting cognitive-behavioural dysfunction affecting non-motor regions of the brain. Carriers of expansion mutations in the C9orf72 gene, whose motor and cognitive-behavioural symptoms span a range from ALS to frontotemporal dementia, present an opportunity to evaluate the relationship between symptom heterogeneity and DTI changes. ⋯ Discrepancies between DTI findings and clinical measures of disease severity in ALS may partly be accounted for by cognitive-behavioural deficits affecting extramotor white matter tracts. Both ALSFRS-R and King's stage correlated with corticospinal DTI measures. Group-level DTI changes could be detected over 6 months.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2018
Quantitative MR spectroscopic imaging in metachromatic leukodystrophy: value for prognosis and treatment.
To determine whether proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging is useful in predicting clinical course of patients with metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), an inherited white matter disorder treatable with haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). ⋯ In MLD, quantitative spectroscopic imaging at baseline is predictive for outcome and aids in determining eligibility for HCT.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of pioglitazone on cognitive function in patients with a recent ischaemic stroke or TIA: a report from the IRIS trial.
Patients with cerebrovascular disease are at increased risk for cognitive dysfunction. Modification of vascular risk factors, including insulin resistance, could improve poststroke cognitive function. ⋯ Among insulin-resistant patients with a recent ischaemic stroke or TIA, pioglitazone did not affect cognitive function, as measured by the 3MS, over 5 years.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2018
Multicenter Study Observational StudyBaseline prevalence and longitudinal evolution of non-motor symptoms in early Parkinson's disease: the PPMI cohort.
To examine the baseline prevalence and longitudinal evolution in non-motor symptoms (NMS) in a prospective cohort of, at baseline, patients with de novo Parkinson's disease (PD) compared with healthy controls (HC). ⋯ This study of NMS in early PD identified clinical and biological variables associated with both baseline burden and predictors of progression. The association of a greater longitudinal increase in NMS with lower baseline Aβ1-42 level is an important finding that will have to be replicated in other cohorts.