Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Feb 2024
Meta AnalysisCognitive and executive impairments in Parkinson's disease psychosis: a Bayesian meta-analysis.
Cognitive and executive deficits lead to worsening of quality of life and are a risk factor for developing dementia in people with Parkinson's disease (PD) with psychosis (PDP). However, which key cognitive domains are differentially affected in PDP compared with those without (PDnP), remains unclear. Here, we examined this using a Bayesian meta-analytical approach. ⋯ We report extensive deficits across nine domains as well as subdomains in PD psychosis, with global cognition, processing speed and executive functions as the most likely impaired. The presence of depression may influence task-related performance in PDP, alongside age and PD duration, but not dose of dopamine replacement treatments.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Feb 2024
Randomized Controlled TrialImproved naming in patients with Broca's aphasia with tDCS.
Language impairment (aphasia) is a common neurological deficit after strokes. For individuals with chronic aphasia (beyond 6 months after the stroke), language improvements with speech therapy (ST) are often limited. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising approach to complement language recovery but interindividual variability in treatment response is common after tDCS, suggesting a possible relationship between tDCS and type of linguistic impairment (aphasia type). ⋯ These results indicate that adjuvant tDCS can enhance ST to treat naming in Broca's aphasia, and this may guide intervention approaches in future studies.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Feb 2024
Environmental risk scores of persistent organic pollutants associate with higher ALS risk and shorter survival in a new Michigan case/control cohort.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal, progressive neurogenerative disease caused by combined genetic susceptibilities and environmental exposures. Identifying and validating these exposures are of paramount importance to modify disease risk. We previously reported that persistent organic pollutants (POPs) associate with ALS risk and survival and aimed to replicate these findings in a new cohort. ⋯ These data continue to support POPs as important factors for ALS risk and progression and replicate findings in a new cohort. The assessments of POPs in non-Michigan ALS cohorts are encouraged to better understand the global effect and the need for targeted disease risk reduction strategies.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Feb 2024
Effect of long-term Tai Chi training on Parkinson's disease: a 3.5-year follow-up cohort study.
Tai Chi has shown beneficial effects on the motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), but no study has reported the effect of long-term Tai Chi training. ⋯ Tai Chi training has a long-term beneficial effect on PD, with an improvement in motor and non-motor symptoms and reduced complications.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Feb 2024
Reduced long-term mortality after successful resective epilepsy surgery: a population-based study.
We investigated all-cause and epilepsy-related mortality in patients operated with resective epilepsy surgery and in non-operated patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Our hypothesis was that patients who proceed to surgery have lower mortality over time compared with non-operated patients. ⋯ In this large population-based epilepsy surgery cohort, operated patients had a lower all-cause mortality compared with non-operated patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Seizure freedom was the most important beneficial factor for both all-cause mortality and SUDEP among operated patients.