Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jul 2024
Multicenter StudyPrognostic factors of first-onset optic neuritis based on diagnostic criteria and antibody status: a multicentre analysis of 427 eyes.
Optic neuritis (ON) prognosis is influenced by various factors including attack severity, underlying aetiologies, treatments and consequences of previous episodes. This study, conducted on a large cohort of first ON episodes, aimed to identify unique prognostic factors for each ON subtype, while excluding any potential influence from pre-existing sequelae. ⋯ This comprehensive multicentre analysis on first-onset ON unveils subtype-specific prognostic factors. These insights will assist tailored treatment strategies and patient counselling for ON.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jul 2024
Primary lateral sclerosis: application and validation of the 2020 consensus diagnostic criteria in an expert opinion-based PLS cohort.
Validation of the 2020 consensus criteria for primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is essential for their use in clinical practice and future trials. ⋯ Validation of the 2020 PLS consensus criteria revealed high diagnostic certainty and prognostic significance, supporting their value for research and clinical practice.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jul 2024
Observational StudyCentral vein sign and trigeminal lesions of multiple sclerosis visualised by 7T MRI.
Although trigeminal nerve involvement is a characteristic of multiple sclerosis (MS), its prevalence across studies varies greatly due to MRI resolution and cohort selection bias. The mechanism behind the site specificity of trigeminal nerve injury is still unclear. We aim to determine the prevalence of trigeminal nerve involvement in patients with MS in a consecutive 7T brain MRI cohort. ⋯ In this 7T MRI cohort, the prevalence of trigeminal nerve involvement was 15.8%. Characteristic CVS was detected in 26.9% of lesions in REZ. This suggests an inflammatory demyelination mechanism of trigeminal nerve involvement in MS.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jul 2024
Does sex influence the natural history of idiopathic adult-onset dystonia?
Several earlier studies showed a female predominance in idiopathic adult-onset dystonia (IAOD) affecting the craniocervical area and a male preponderance in limb dystonia. However, sex-related differences may result from bias inherent to study design. Moreover, information is lacking on whether sex-related differences exist in expressing other dystonia-associated features and dystonia spread. ⋯ Our findings provide novel evidence on sex as a key mediator of IAOD phenotype at disease onset. Age-related sexual dimorphism may result from the varying exposures to specific age-related and sex-related environmental risk factors interacting in a complex manner with biological factors such as hormonal sex factors.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jul 2024
Effects of motor cortical and peripheral axonal hyperexcitability on survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Increased 'cortical' and 'peripheral' excitability are reportedly associated with shorter survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, suggesting that hyperexcitability contributes to motor neuron death. However, whether upper or lower motor function has a greater impact on survival is unclear. We aimed to investigate the component that strongly impacts the prognosis of ALS. ⋯ In patients with ALS, both motor cortical and peripheral hyperexcitability independently affected survival time, with peripheral hyperexcitability having a greater impact on shorter survival. The modulation of neuronal/axonal excitability is a potential therapeutic target for ALS.