Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2020
Apathy, but not depression, predicts all-cause dementia in cerebral small vessel disease.
To determine whether apathy or depression predicts all-cause dementia in small vessel disease (SVD) patients. ⋯ Apathy, but not depression, may be a prodromal symptom of dementia in SVD, and may be useful in identifying at-risk individuals.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2020
Pattern of paresis in ALS is consistent with the physiology of the corticomotoneuronal projections to different muscle groups.
A recent neuroanatomical staging scheme of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) indicates that a cortical lesion may spread, as a network disorder, both at the cortical level and via corticofugal tracts, including corticospinal projections providing direct monosynaptic input to α-motoneurons. These projections are involved preferentially and early in ALS. If these findings are clinically relevant, the pattern of paresis in ALS should primarily involve those muscle groups that receive the strongest direct corticomotoneuronal (CM) innervation. ⋯ These findings were mostly significant (p<0.01) for all six pairs of muscles tested and provide indirect support for the concept that ALS may specifically affect muscle groups with strong CM connections. This specific pattern could help to refine clinical and electrophysiological ALS diagnostic criteria and complement prospective clinicopathological correlation studies.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2020
Paternal exposure to antiepileptic drugs and offspring outcomes: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Sweden.
To investigate the association between paternal use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes and major congenital malformations (MCM) in the offspring. ⋯ Paternal AED use during conception is not associated with adverse outcomes in the offspring.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2020
Clinical TrialDiscrete changes in brain volume after deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Deep brain stimulation (DBS), targeting the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus interna, is a surgical therapy with class 1 evidence for Parkinson's disease (PD). Bilateral DBS electrodes may be implanted within a single operation or in separate staged surgeries with an interval of time that varies patient by patient. In this study, we used the variation in the timing of implantation from the first to the second implantation allowing for examination of potential volumetric changes of the basal ganglia in patients with PD who underwent staged STN DBS. ⋯ Our results demonstrate that DBS implantation surgery may affect hemisphere volume at the level of subcortical structures connected to the surgical target.