Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Mar 2020
Meta AnalysisSleep problems and risk of all-cause cognitive decline or dementia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.
To conduct an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of association between sleep and all-cause cognitive disorders. ⋯ Sleep management might serve as a promising target for dementia prevention.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Mar 2020
Multicenter StudyMinimal evidence of disease activity (MEDA) in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
This study aimed to define the minimal evidence of disease activity (MEDA) during treatment that can be tolerated without exposing patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis at risk of long-term disability. ⋯ Early marginal MRI activity of one to two new T2 lesions, in the absence of both relapses and CELs, is associated with a minor risk of future disability, thus representing a simple and valuable definition for MEDA.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Mar 2020
Review Case ReportsHyper-reflexia in Guillain-Barré syndrome: systematic review.
Areflexia or hyporeflexia is a mandatory clinical criterion for the diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). A systematic review of the literature from 1 January 1993 to 30 August 2019 revealed 44 sufficiently detailed patients with GBS and hyper-reflexia, along with one we describe. 73.3% of patients were from Japan, 6.7% from the USA, 6.7% from India, 4.4% from Italy, 4.4% from Turkey, 2.2% from Switzerland and 2.2% from Slovenia, suggesting a considerable geographical variation. Hyper-reflexia was more frequently associated with antecedent diarrhoea (56%) than upper respiratory tract infection (22.2%) and the electrodiagnosis of acute motor axonal neuropathy (56%) than acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (4.4%). ⋯ Electrophysiological studies showed high soleus maximal H-reflex amplitude to maximal compound muscle action potential amplitude ratio, suggestive of spinal motoneuron hyperexcitability, and increased central conduction time, suggestive of corticospinal tract involvement, although a structural damage was never demonstrated by MRI. Hyper-reflexia is not inconsistent with the GBS diagnosis and should not delay treatment. All GBS variants and subtypes can present with hyper-reflexia, and this eventuality should be mentioned in future diagnostic criteria for GBS.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Mar 2020
Observational StudyPrognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients undergoing tracheostomy invasive ventilation therapy in Japan.
The aim of this study is to describe and clarify the factors affecting the prognosis of Japanese patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) undergoing tracheostomy invasive ventilation (TIV) therapy. ⋯ We showed that there was a significant difference of approximately 7 years in life expectancy between Japanese ALS patients who did and did not receive TIV therapy.