Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Mar 2020
Observational StudyPrognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients undergoing tracheostomy invasive ventilation therapy in Japan.
The aim of this study is to describe and clarify the factors affecting the prognosis of Japanese patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) undergoing tracheostomy invasive ventilation (TIV) therapy. ⋯ We showed that there was a significant difference of approximately 7 years in life expectancy between Japanese ALS patients who did and did not receive TIV therapy.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Mar 2020
Observational StudyHaptoglobin genotype and outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage.
After aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH), extracellular haemoglobin (Hb) in the subarachnoid space is bound by haptoglobin, neutralising Hb toxicity and helping its clearance. Two exons in the HP gene (encoding haptoglobin) exhibit copy number variation (CNV), giving rise to HP1 and HP2 alleles, which influence haptoglobin expression level and possibly haptoglobin function. We hypothesised that the HP CNV associates with long-term outcome beyond the first year after aSAH. ⋯ The HP2 allele carries a favourable long-term prognosis after high-volume aSAH. Haptoglobin and the Hb clearance pathway are therapeutic targets after aSAH.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Mar 2020
Relationship between neuropsychiatric disorders and cognitive and behavioural change in MND.
In this population-based study, we aimed to determine whether neuropsychiatric history, medication or family history of neuropsychiatric disorders predicted cognitive and/or behavioural impairment in motor neuron disease (MND). ⋯ Neuropsychiatric disorders in patients and their families are associated with cognitive and behavioural changes post-MND diagnosis, with many occurring independently of MND-FTD and C9orf72 status. These findings support an overlap between MND, frontotemporal dementia and neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly mood disorders.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Mar 2020
Observational StudyHaptoglobin genotype and outcome after spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage.
Haptoglobin is a haemoglobin-scavenging protein that binds and neutralises free haemoglobin and modulates inflammation and endothelial progenitor cell function. A HP gene copy number variation (CNV) generates HP1 and HP2 alleles, while the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs2000999 influences their levels. The HP1 allele is hypothesised to improve outcome after spontaneous (non-traumatic) intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). We investigated the associations of the HP CNV genotype and rs2000999 with haematoma volume, perihaematomal oedema (PHO) volume, functional outcome and mortality after ICH. ⋯ The HP2-1 genotype might be associated with lower 6-month mortality after ICH; this finding merits further study.