Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jul 2024
Multicenter Study Comparative Study Observational StudyEffectiveness of autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation versus natalizumab in progressive multiple sclerosis.
Natalizumab was not shown to modify disability in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). This matched observational study compared the effectiveness of autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) with natalizumab in progressive MS. ⋯ This study does not support the use of AHSCT to control disability in progressive MS with advanced disability and low relapse activity.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jul 2024
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyComparing ocrelizumab to interferon/glatiramer acetate in people with multiple sclerosis over age 60.
Ongoing controversy exists regarding optimal management of disease modifying therapy (DMT) in older people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). There is concern that the lower relapse rate, combined with a higher risk of DMT-related infections and side effects, may alter the risk-benefit balance in older pwMS. Given the lack of pwMS above age 60 in randomised controlled trials, the comparative efficacy of high-efficacy DMTs such as ocrelizumab has not been shown in older pwMS. We aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of ocrelizumab, a high-efficacy DMT, versus interferon/glatiramer acetate (IFN/GA) in pwMS over the age of 60. ⋯ In older pwMS, ocrelizumab effectively reduced relapses compared with IFN/GA. Overall relapse activity was low. This study adds valuable real-world data for informed DMT decision making with older pwMS. Our study also confirms that there is a treatment benefit in older people with MS, given the existence of a clear differential treatment effect between ocrelizumab and IFN/GA in the over 60 age group.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jul 2024
Multicenter StudyPrognostic factors of first-onset optic neuritis based on diagnostic criteria and antibody status: a multicentre analysis of 427 eyes.
Optic neuritis (ON) prognosis is influenced by various factors including attack severity, underlying aetiologies, treatments and consequences of previous episodes. This study, conducted on a large cohort of first ON episodes, aimed to identify unique prognostic factors for each ON subtype, while excluding any potential influence from pre-existing sequelae. ⋯ This comprehensive multicentre analysis on first-onset ON unveils subtype-specific prognostic factors. These insights will assist tailored treatment strategies and patient counselling for ON.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jul 2024
Primary lateral sclerosis: application and validation of the 2020 consensus diagnostic criteria in an expert opinion-based PLS cohort.
Validation of the 2020 consensus criteria for primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is essential for their use in clinical practice and future trials. ⋯ Validation of the 2020 PLS consensus criteria revealed high diagnostic certainty and prognostic significance, supporting their value for research and clinical practice.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jul 2024
Observational StudyCentral vein sign and trigeminal lesions of multiple sclerosis visualised by 7T MRI.
Although trigeminal nerve involvement is a characteristic of multiple sclerosis (MS), its prevalence across studies varies greatly due to MRI resolution and cohort selection bias. The mechanism behind the site specificity of trigeminal nerve injury is still unclear. We aim to determine the prevalence of trigeminal nerve involvement in patients with MS in a consecutive 7T brain MRI cohort. ⋯ In this 7T MRI cohort, the prevalence of trigeminal nerve involvement was 15.8%. Characteristic CVS was detected in 26.9% of lesions in REZ. This suggests an inflammatory demyelination mechanism of trigeminal nerve involvement in MS.