Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Nov 2018
Multicenter StudyInternational multicentre validation of the arteriovenous malformation-related intracerebral haemorrhage (AVICH) score.
The recently published arteriovenous malformation-related intracerebral haemorrhage (AVICH) score showed better outcome prediction for patients with arteriovenous malformation (AVM)-related intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) than other AVM or ICH scores. Here we present the results of a multicentre, external validation of the AVICH score. ⋯ The multicentre-validated AVICH score predicts clinical outcome superior to pre-existing scores. We suggest the routine use of this score for future clinical outcome prediction and in clinical research.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Nov 2018
Meta AnalysisSystematic review and network meta-analysis of resective surgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
To evaluate the effectiveness of anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) versus selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SAH) on seizure-free outcome in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, using both direct and indirect evidence from the literature. ⋯ Direct evidence, indirect evidence and NMA did not identify a difference in seizure-free outcome of ATL versus SAH.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Nov 2018
Tau-induced focal neurotoxicity and network disruption related to apathy in Alzheimer's disease.
Apathy is a common neuropsychological symptom in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and previous studies demonstrated that neuronal loss and network disruption in some brain regions play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of apathy. However, contributions of tau and amyloid-β (Aβ) depositions, pathological hallmarks of AD, to the manifestation of apathy remain elusive. ⋯ The present findings suggested that tau pathology in OFC may provoke focal neurotoxicity in OFC and the following disruption of the OFC-UNC network, leading to the emergence and progression of apathy in AD.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Nov 2018
Effects of multiple sclerosis disease-modifying therapies on employment measures using patient-reported data.
The direct comparative evidence on treatment effects of available multiple sclerosis (MS) disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) is limited, and few studies have examined the benefits of DMTs on employment outcomes. We compared the effects of DMTs used in the previous 5 years on improving the work attendance, amount of work and work productivity of people with MS. ⋯ Those using the higher efficacy (category 3) DMTs, particularly fingolimod and natalizumab, reported significant increases in amount of work, work attendance and work productivity, suggesting they have important beneficial effects on work life in people with MS.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Nov 2018
Beyond the limbic system: disruption and functional compensation of large-scale brain networks in patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis.
Hippocampal inflammation in anti-LGI1 encephalitis causes memory deficits, seizures and behavioural abnormalities. Recent findings suggest that extralimbic brain areas are additionally affected and that patients also suffer from non-limbic cognitive symptoms. Moreover, up to 60% of patients show no structural MRI abnormalities in the acute disease stage. We therefore investigated whether functional connectivity analyses can identify brain network changes underlying disease-related symptoms. ⋯ Anti-LGI1 encephalitis is associated with a characteristic pattern of widespread functional network alterations. Increased DMN connectivity seems to represent a compensatory mechanism for memory impairment induced by hippocampal damage. Network analyses may provide a key to the understanding of clinical symptoms in autoimmune encephalitis and reveal changes of brain function beyond apparent structural damage.