Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2016
MRI characteristics of early PML-IRIS after natalizumab treatment in patients with MS.
The early detection of MRI findings suggestive of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is of crucial clinical relevance in terms of treatment decision-making and clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate the earliest imaging characteristics of PML-IRIS manifestation in natalizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis and describe an imaging pattern that might aid in the early and specific diagnosis. ⋯ Contrast enhancement is the most common earliest sign of natalizumab-associated PML-IRIS with a frequent imaging pattern of contrast-enhancing lesions with either a patchy or punctuate appearance in the border of the PML lesion.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2016
Observational StudyOutcome of seizures in the general population after 25 years: a prospective follow-up, observational cohort study.
We investigated long-term (to 25 years) seizure prognosis and survival in people with newly diagnosed epilepsy in the community. We explored whether prognosis is different in those with epilepsy (>2 unprovoked seizures) and those with a single seizure at presentation. ⋯ People with epilepsy and with single seizures at presentation in the community generally have good prognosis for seizure control with prolonged follow-up. The risk of premature mortality is significantly increased in both groups.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2016
Traumatic brain injury history is associated with earlier age of onset of frontotemporal dementia.
We retrospectively examined whether a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with an earlier age of symptom onset and diagnosis in a large sample of patients with behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). ⋯ TBI history with LOC occurring more than 1 year prior to diagnosis is associated with an earlier age of symptom onset and diagnosis in patients with bvFTD. TBI may be related to the underlying neurodegenerative processes in bvFTD, but the implications of age at time of injury, severity and repetitive injuries remain unclear.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2016
Meyer's loop asymmetry and language lateralisation in epilepsy.
Several studies have suggested an asymmetry in Meyer's loop in individuals, with the left loop anterior to the right. In this study we test the hypothesis that there is an association between Meyer's loop asymmetry (MLA) and language lateralisation. ⋯ This study suggests an association between the extent of Meyer's loop asymmetry and the lateralisation of language determined by fMRI in patients with epilepsy. Further studies should be carried out to evaluate this association in control subjects and with other measures of language lateralisation.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Aug 2016
Progression of cognitive impairments in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder.
Idiopathic REM (rapid eye movement) sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD) has been implicated in cognitive impairments, but there is little evidence about progression of cognitive dysfunction in iRBD. ⋯ Patients with iRBD have cognitive impairments at baseline and progressive cognitive decline over time. Even in idiopathic cases without development of any neurodegenerative disease, degenerative changes in cognition seem to be under way.