Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2016
Review Meta AnalysisImpact of collaterals on the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment in acute ischaemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
We aimed to investigate the role of pretreatment collateral status in predicting the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment (EVT) in acute ischaemic stroke due to cervical and/or cerebral arterial occlusions. ⋯ Good pretreatment collateral status is associated with higher rates of favourable functional outcome, and lower rates of symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage and mortality, in patients with acute ischaemic stroke receiving endovascular therapies.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2016
Review Meta AnalysisOutcomes of stent retriever thrombectomy in basilar artery occlusion: an observational study and systematic review.
Basilar artery occlusion (BAO) remains one of the most devastating subtypes of stroke with high mortality and poor outcome. Early recanalisation is the most powerful predictor of favourable outcome in patients with stroke, and may be improved with mechanical thrombectomy using stent retriever devices. However, the benefit in functional outcome and safety of stent retrievers are not yet well known. The aim of this study was to assess efficacy and safety profiles of stent retriever thrombectomy in BAO patients with stroke. ⋯ Stent retriever thrombectomy is a safe treatment modality for patients with stroke presenting with BAO. Although the stent retrievers showed a good recanalisation rate, there are currently no randomised clinical trials to assess its clinical efficacy in comparison with the reference treatment.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2016
Review Meta AnalysisRisk factors for predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
We sought to identify the risk factors for predicting the progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD). ⋯ Patients with MCI with APOEε4, abnormal CSF τ level, hippocampal and medial temporal lobe atrophy, entorhinal atrophy, depression, diabetes, hypertension, older age, female gender, lower MMSE score and higher ADAS-cog score, had a high risk for the progression to AD.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2016
Review Meta AnalysisPreserved consciousness in vegetative and minimal conscious states: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Active, passive and resting state paradigms using functional MRI (fMRI) or EEG may reveal consciousness in the vegetative (VS) and the minimal conscious state (MCS). A meta-analysis was performed to assess the prevalence of preserved consciousness in VS and MCS as revealed by fMRI and EEG, including command following (active paradigms), cortical functional connectivity elicited by external stimuli (passive paradigms) and default mode networks (resting state). Studies were selected from multiple indexing databases until February 2015 and evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2. 37 studies were identified, including 1041 patients (mean age 43 years, range 16-89; male/female 2.1:1; 39.5% traumatic brain injuries). ⋯ In conclusion, active paradigms may underestimate the degree of consciousness as compared to passive paradigms. While MCS patients show signs of preserved consciousness more frequently in both paradigms, roughly 15% of patients with a clinical diagnosis of VS are able to follow commands by modifying their brain activity. However, there remain important limitations at the single-subject level; for example, patients from both categories may show command following despite negative passive paradigms.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · May 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialLong-term (up to 4.5 years) treatment with fingolimod in multiple sclerosis: results from the extension of the randomised TRANSFORMS study.
The 12-month (M), phase 3, double-blind, randomised TRANSFORMS study demonstrated significant benefits of fingolimod 0.5 or 1.25 mg over interferon β-1a (IFNβ-1a) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. We report the results of long-term (up to 4.5 years) extension of TRANSFORMS. ⋯ NCT00340834.