Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2015
Seizure reduction in a low-grade glioma: more than a beneficial side effect of temozolomide.
Seizures are a common symptom in patients with low-grade glioma (LGG), negatively influencing quality of life, if uncontrolled. Besides antiepileptic drugs, antitumour treatment might contribute to a reduction in seizure frequency. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy on seizure frequency, to identify factors associated with post-treatment seizure reduction and to analyse the prognostic value of seizure reduction for survival. ⋯ TMZ may contribute to an important reduction in seizure frequency in patients with LGG. Seizure reduction following TMZ treatment has prognostic significance and may serve as an important clinical outcome measure in patients with LGG.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2015
Increased thrombin generation potential in symptomatic versus asymptomatic moderate or severe carotid stenosis and relationship with cerebral microemboli.
The importance of thrombin generation in the pathogenesis of TIA or stroke and its relationship with cerebral microembolic signals (MES) in asymptomatic and symptomatic carotid stenosis has not been comprehensively assessed. ⋯ Thrombin generation potential is greater in patients with recently symptomatic than asymptomatic carotid stenosis, and decreases over time following TIA or stroke associated with carotid stenosis. These data improve our understanding of the haemostatic/thrombotic biomarker profile in moderate-severe carotid stenosis.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2015
Nerve ultrasound depicts peripheral nerve enlargement in patients with genetically distinct Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
To elucidate the ultrasound (US) features of peripheral nerves including nerve roots in patients with different types of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), and the association between US findings, clinical features and parameters of nerve conduction studies (NCS) in CMT1A. ⋯ Nerve US may aid in differentiating among the subtypes of CMT in combination with NCS. In CMT1A, the median nerve CSA correlates with the disease severity and peripheral nerve function.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2015
Bidirectional trans-synaptic axonal degeneration in the visual pathway in multiple sclerosis.
To investigate the coexistence of anterograde and retrograde trans-synaptic axonal degeneration, and to explore the relationship between selective visual pathway damage and global brain involvement in longstanding multiple sclerosis (MS). ⋯ This study provides evidence for presence of bidirectional (both anterograde and retrograde) trans-synaptic axonal degeneration in the visual pathway of patients with MS. Additionally, thinning of the retinal pRNFL and GCC are related to global white and grey matter atrophy in addition to pathology of the visual pathway.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2015
LetterPaediatric neuromyelitis optica: clinical, MRI of the brain and prognostic features.
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) is a severe and rare inflammatory condition, where relapses are predictive of disability. ⋯ In children, NMO is associated with early recurrence and visual impairment in AQP4-Ab positivity and physical disability in AP4-Ab negative relapsing cases. Distinct MRI changes appear more commonly and earlier compared to adult NMO. Early AQP4-Ab testing may allow prompt immunomodulatory treatment to minimise disability.