Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Oct 2014
Tracking the progression of social cognition in neurodegenerative disorders.
Behavioural-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients experience behavioural and emotion recognition alterations, yet understanding of how socioemotional processing is affected with disease progression is minimal. Additionally, evidence suggests that bvFTD patients with limited brain atrophy on neuroimaging at presentation (bvFTD-la) have a more benign course than those with marked atrophy (bvFTD-ma). Longitudinal investigation of these patients, however, is lacking. ⋯ Tasks of sarcasm detection represent a clinically useful tool to differentiate between bvFTD and AD at baseline. Furthermore, tasks of socioemotional functioning can track progression within bvFTD and identify bvFTD patients more likely to show a faster rate of decline.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Oct 2014
Brain atrophy and disability progression in multiple sclerosis patients: a 10-year follow-up study.
To identify MRI biomarkers associated with long-term disability progression in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), and to define the rate of evolution of global, tissue-specific and regional atrophy in patients with MS over long-term. ⋯ This long-term study shows that whole brain, cortical and putamen atrophy occurs throughout the 10-year follow-up of this MS cohort and is more pronounced in the group that showed disability progression at 5, but not at 10 years of follow-up. Overall, GM atrophy showed better association with disease progression than WM atrophy over 5-year and 10-year follow-up.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Oct 2014
Major stressful life events in adulthood and risk of multiple sclerosis.
It is unclear whether psychological stress is associated with increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS). We studied the association between major stressful life events and MS in a nationwide cohort study using death of a child or a spouse or marital dissolution as indicators of severe stress. ⋯ Our national cohort study provides little evidence for a causal association between major stressful life events (as exemplified by divorce or the loss of a child or a spouse) and subsequent MS risk.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Oct 2014
Clinical TrialControlled general anaesthesia for subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson's disease.
To report the short-term (1 year) and long-term (5 years) outcome of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with subthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation operated upon under controlled general anaesthesia (GA). ⋯ Our results confirm that STN stimulation performed under controlled GA is efficient and has similar short-term and long-term motor effects than intervention under local anaesthesia. Furthermore, this specific procedure is not associated with more adverse events. The success of such an intervention requires strict anaesthetic monitoring and accurate STN identification.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Oct 2014
Tobacco smoking and excess mortality in multiple sclerosis: a cohort study.
As patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have more than 2.5-fold increased mortality risk, we sought to investigate the impact of tobacco smoking on the risk of premature death and its contribution to the excess mortality in MS patients. ⋯ Tobacco smoking can account for some of the excess mortality associated with MS and is a risk determinant for all-cause and MS-related death.