Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Dec 2023
Association of choroid plexus volume with motor symptoms and dopaminergic degeneration in Parkinson's disease.
The choroid plexus (CP) is involved in the clearance of harmful metabolites from the brain, as a part of the glymphatic system. This study aimed to investigate the association between CP volume (CPV), nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration and motor outcomes in Parkinson's disease (PD). ⋯ These findings suggest that CPV has the potential to serve as a biomarker for baseline and longitudinal motor disabilities in PD.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Dec 2023
Prognostic significance of peripheral neutrophils and lymphocytes in early untreated Parkinson's disease: an 8-year follow-up study.
To explore whether peripheral blood neutrophils and lymphocytes are associated with longitudinal motor and cognitive decline in patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD) and, to uncover the disease-specific mechanisms underlying these associations. ⋯ Among the blood biomarkers, only a higher neutrophil count was associated with faster motor progression along with accelerated nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration in patients with PD. The impact of neutrophils and lymphocytes on longitudinal cognitive changes remains unclear.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Dec 2023
Pathogenic role of anti-cN1A autoantibodies in sporadic inclusion body myositis.
Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) is an intractable muscle disease that frequently affects elderly people. Autoantibodies recognising cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A (cN1A) were found in the sera of patients with sIBM. However, the pathogenic role of the autoantibodies remained unknown. This study investigated the pathogenic properties of the autoantibodies using active cN1A peptides immunisation. ⋯ Active cN1A peptide immunisation partially reproduced the clinical and histological aspects of sIBM in wild-type mice. The murine model demonstrates the pathogenic properties of anti-cN1A autoantibodies to cause sIBM-like histological changes.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Nov 2023
Multicenter Study Controlled Clinical Trial Observational StudyLow protection from breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection and mild disease course in ocrelizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis after three mRNA vaccine doses.
Our study investigated the rate of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection and clinical outcomes in a cohort of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who were treated with the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (Ab), ocrelizumab, before first, second and third BNT162b2 mRNA vaccinations. To correlate clinical outcomes with the humoral and cellular response. ⋯ The study results demonstrate rates of 59% in breakthrough infections after the third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in ocrelizumab-treated patients with MS, without resulting in critical disease courses. These findings suggest the need for continuous development of prophylactic treatments when proved important in the protection of severe breakthrough infection.