Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2023
Distinguishing functional from primary tics: a study of expert video assessments.
Reliably applied criteria to differentiate functional from primary tics are lacking. In the absence of biological markers, the development of new diagnostic criteria to assist clinicians is predicated on expert judgement and consensus. This study examines the level of diagnostic agreement of experts in tic disorders using video footage and clinical descriptions. ⋯ This study confirmed that in the absence of clinical information, the diagnostic distinction between primary and functional tics is often difficult, even for expert clinicians.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2023
Visual dysfunction is a better predictor than retinal thickness for dementia in Parkinson's disease.
Dementia is a common and devastating symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). Visual function and retinal structure are both emerging as potentially predictive for dementia in Parkinson's but lack longitudinal evidence. ⋯ In our deeply phenotyped longitudinal cohort, visual dysfunction predicted dementia and poor outcomes in PD. Conversely, retinal thickness had less power to predict dementia. This supports mechanistic models for Parkinson's dementia progression with onset in cortical structures and shows potential for visual tests to enable stratification for clinical trials.
-
While obesity in midlife is a risk factor for dementia, several studies suggested that obesity also protected against dementia, hence so-called obesity paradox. The current study aims to address the relationship between apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and obesity in dementia. ⋯ Obesity may accelerate cognitive decline in middle to early elderly cognitive normal individuals without APOE4 likely by provoking vascular impairments. On the other hand, obesity may ease cognitive impairment in both individuals with dementia and individuals at the predementia stage, especially those with APOE4, through protecting against Alzheimer's pathologies. These results support that APOE genotype modifies the obesity paradox in dementia.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Sep 2023
Letter Multicenter Study Observational StudyFunctional neurological disorders after COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: a national multicentre observational study.