Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Feb 2005
Historical ArticleKanner's infantile autism and Asperger's syndrome.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Feb 2005
Comparative StudySex hormones modulate brain damage in multiple sclerosis: MRI evidence.
Sex related differences in the course and severity of multiple sclerosis (MS) could be mediated by the sex hormones. ⋯ The hormone related modulation of pathological changes supports the hypothesis that sex hormones play a role in the inflammation, damage, and repair mechanisms typical of MS.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2005
Different patterns of medication change after subthalamic or pallidal stimulation for Parkinson's disease: target related effect or selection bias?
Bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) is favoured over bilateral globus pallidus internus (Gpi) DBS for symptomatic treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) due to the possibility of reducing medication, despite lack of definitive comparative evidence. ⋯ Differences in the patterns of medication change after Gpi and STN DBS may be partly due to a patient selection bias. Both procedures may be equally useful for different subgroups of patients with advanced PD, Gpi DBS especially for patients with lower threshold for dyskinesia.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2005
Postmenopausal hormone therapy and Alzheimer's disease risk: interaction with age.
We examined the relation between oestrogen containing hormone therapy (HT) used for more than 6 months and Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk in 971 postmenopausal women (426 AD patients, 545 relatives without dementia). There was a significant interaction between age and HT use on AD risk (p = 0.03). ⋯ Results must be considered cautiously in light of recent clinical trial evidence that oestrogen plus progestin increases dementia incidence in older postmenopausal women. However, our observational findings are consistent with the view that HT may protect younger women from AD or reduce the risk of early onset forms of AD, or that HT used during the early postmenopause may reduce AD risk.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2005
Factors influencing PCR detection of viruses in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with suspected CNS infections.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to detect viruses in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with neurological disease. However, data to assist its use or interpretation are limited. ⋯ The diagnostic yield of PCR can be maximised by using sensitive assays to detect a range of pathogens in appropriately timed CSF samples. PCR results, in particular EBV, should be interpreted cautiously when symptoms cannot readily be attributed to the virus detected.