Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2004
Case ReportsProgressive auditory neuropathy in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy.
To investigate auditory neural involvement in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). ⋯ The findings are consistent with auditory neuropathy-a lesion of the cochlear nerve presenting with abnormal auditory brain stem responses and with normal inner hair cells and the cochlear nucleus (lower brain stem). The association of auditory neuropathy, or any other auditory dysfunction, with LHON has not been recognised previously. Further studies are necessary to establish whether this is a consistent finding.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2004
Cognitive changes after epilepsy surgery in the posterior cortex.
The relationship between the posterior cortex and cognitive functions is still a relatively open field. There are no studies on populations in which functions of posterior structures were examined by a standardised neuropsychological examination before and after posterior resections. Changes in cognitive performance are regularly observed after epilepsy surgery in the temporal lobe. However, information about neuropsychological impairments after resections in the posterior cortex is poor, owing to the relatively low proportion of cortical resections in this area. ⋯ Functions of posterior areas could be described by standardised neuropsychological measures. Posterior regions contribute to explicit attentional and visuoconstructional abilities. Epilepsy surgery in the posterior cortex bears no risk for substantial decline in general cognition although some discrete impairment in performance intelligence may occur.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2004
Meta Analysis Comparative StudyAre men at greater risk for Parkinson's disease than women?
Parkinson's disease seems to occur more commonly in men than women based primarily on studies of death rates and prevalence. In recent years, several population based incidence studies of Parkinson's disease that included sex data have been conducted in a variety of populations around the world. ⋯ A significantly higher incidence rate of Parkinson's disease was found among men with the relative risk being 1.5 times greater in men than women. Possible reasons for this increased risk of Parkinson's disease in men are toxicant exposure, head trauma, neuroprotection by oestrogen, mitochondrial dysfunction, or X linkage of genetic risk factors.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2004
Review Case ReportsReversible corpus callosum lesion in legionnaires' disease.
Legionnaires' disease is often associated with neurological findings. Despite such findings, computed tomography and neuropathological investigations are typically normal. ⋯ MRI may show previously undocumented neuropathology in acute legionnaires' disease. Legionella pneumophila infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of conditions associated with reversible lesions of the corpus callosum.