Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Mar 2023
Can quantitative susceptibility mapping help diagnose and predict recovery of concussion in children? An A-CAP study.
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is an MRI technique that is a potential biomarker for concussion. We performed QSM in children following concussion or orthopaedic injury (OI), to assess QSM performance as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. ⋯ The findings suggest that QSM is a potential MRI biomarker that can help predict PPCS in children with concussion, over and above the current clinical benchmark, and thereby aid in clinical management. They also suggest a frontal lobe substrate for PPCS, highlighting the potential for QSM to clarify the neurophysiology of paediatric concussion.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Mar 2023
Quantitative epileptiform burden and electroencephalography background features predict post-traumatic epilepsy.
Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a severe complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Electroencephalography aids early post-traumatic seizure diagnosis, but its optimal utility for PTE prediction remains unknown. We aim to evaluate the contribution of quantitative electroencephalograms to predict first-year PTE (PTE1). ⋯ Epileptiform and spectral characteristics enhance covariates identified on TBI admission and CT abnormalities in PTE1 prediction. Future trials should incorporate quantitative electroencephalography features to validate this enhancement of PTE risk stratification models.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Mar 2023
Trends and inequities in the diagnosis and treatment of poststroke depression: a retrospective cohort study of privately insured patients in the USA, 2003-2020.
Depression is a common neuropsychiatric consequence of stroke, but there is little empiric evidence regarding clinical diagnosis and management of poststroke depression. ⋯ In this insured population, we identify potential inequities in clinical management of poststroke depression by gender, race/ethnicity and age that may reflect barriers other than access to healthcare.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Mar 2023
CSF ferritin in the clinicopathological progression of Alzheimer's disease and associations with APOE and inflammation biomarkers.
A putative role for iron in driving Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression is complicated by previously reported associations with neuroinflammation, apolipoprotein E and AD proteinopathy. To establish how iron interacts with clinicopathological features of AD and at what disease stage iron influences cognitive outcomes, we investigated the association of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of iron (ferritin), inflammation (acute phase response proteins) and apolipoproteins with pathological biomarkers (CSF Aβ42/t-tau, p-tau181), clinical staging and longitudinal cognitive deterioration in subjects from the BioFINDER cohort, with replication of key results in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort. ⋯ CSF markers of iron and neuroinflammation have distinct associations with disease stages, while iron may be more intimately associated with apolipoprotein E and tau pathology.