European journal of clinical investigation
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jun 2019
ReviewAdvanced oxidation protein products play critical roles in liver diseases.
There is a complex oxidant and antioxidant system that maintains the redox homoeostasis in the liver. While suffering from exogenous or endogenous risk factors, the balance between oxidants and antioxidants is disturbed and excessive reactive oxygen species are generated, resulting in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is prevalent in various liver diseases and is thought to be involved in their pathophysiology. ⋯ In this review, we highlight the current understanding of the roles of advanced oxidation protein products in liver disease pathogenesis and the underlying mechanisms. Moreover, we summarize the current studies on advanced oxidation protein products in infectious and noninfectious, acute and chronic liver diseases. Different strategies for targeting these advanced oxidation protein products and future perspectives, which may pave the way for developing new therapeutic strategies, will also be discussed here.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jun 2019
Pulse pressure and prognosis in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
A high pulse pressure (PP) is associated with adverse cardiovascular (CV) outcomes; however, this relationship may be reversed in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF). ⋯ In patients with advanced HFREF, a low PP (<40 mm Hg) portends a worse prognosis, whereas a high PP (>50 mm Hg) predicts a relatively favourable prognosis.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jun 2019
Glucose effectiveness and its components in relation to body mass index.
Obesity is known to induce a deterioration of insulin sensitivity (SI ), one of the insulin-dependent components of glucose tolerance. However, few studies investigated whether obesity affects also the insulin-independent component, that is glucose effectiveness (SG ). This cross-sectional study aimed to analyse SG and its components in different body mass index (BMI) categories. ⋯ SG and its major component GEZI deteriorate in overweight individuals compared to those in the normal BMI range, without further deterioration when BMI increases above 30 kg m-2 .
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jun 2019
Prevalence and determinants of exercise-induced left ventricular dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease.
The phenomenon of exercise-induced left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) is incompletely understood. Better understanding of its prevalence and determinants might help to address the current potential oversimplification of the relation between physical activity and cardiac health in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). ⋯ One out of four patients with stable CAD develops exercise-induced LVD after bicycle exercise test. While the extent of exercise-inducible myocardial ischaemia is a predictor, other still unrecognized mechanisms also seem to play a major role, as nearly half of all patients with exercise-induced LVD do not have functionally relevant CAD.
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To analyse whether the weight ratio of potassium-to-magnesium intake is associated with incident high blood pressure, in otherwise healthy individuals. ⋯ Our results suggest that, in healthy individuals with magnesium and potassium intake below recommended dietary allowance, the high potassium-to-magnesium ratio is inversely associated with incident high blood pressure.