Lancet
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Letter Comparative Study
National infant mortality rates in relation to gross national product and distribution of income.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Pharmacological strategies to decrease excessive blood loss in cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of clinically relevant endpoints.
Excessive bleeding may complicate cardiac surgery, and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Pharmacological strategies to decrease perioperative bleeding have been investigated in a large number of controlled trials, most of which have shown a decrease in blood loss. However, most studies lacked sufficient power to detect a beneficial effect on clinically more relevant outcomes. We did a meta-analysis of all randomised, controlled trials of the three most frequently used pharmacological strategies to decrease perioperative blood loss (aprotinin, lysine analogues [aminocaproic acid and tranexamic acid], and desmopressin). ⋯ Pharmacological strategies that decrease perioperative blood loss in cardiac surgery, in particular aprotinin and lysine analogues, also decrease mortality, the need for rethoracotomy, and the proportion of patients receiving a blood transfusion.
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Comparative Study
Exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields and the risk of childhood cancer. UK Childhood Cancer Study Investigators.
Previous studies have suggested an association between exposure to power-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) and the development of childhood malignant disease, especially leukaemia and tumours of the central nervous system. We investigated the relation between all childhood cancer and exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields. ⋯ This study provides no evidence that exposure to magnetic fields associated with the electricity supply in the UK increases risks for childhood leukaemia, cancers of the central nervous system, or any other childhood cancer.