Lancet
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Cholangiocarcinoma has a high mortality and morbidity. Median survival is less than 6 months. Surgical resection is appropriate in certain circumstances. Because distal cholangiocarcinoma is difficult to distinguish from pancreatic cancers, patients might not receive optimum therapy. Proteomics is the study of complex cellular proteins using mass spectrometry. The aim of this study was to determine the constituent proteins on the cell surface of a model of cholangiocarcinoma. ⋯ UK Medical Research Council.
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Leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) is a component of the voltage-gated potassium channel complex. IgG antibodies against LGI1 are associated with immunotherapy-responsive encephalitis and epilepsies. LGI1-antibody concentrations are 10-100 times greater in serum than in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Oligoclonal IgG bands are rarely found in patients with LGI1-antibody encephalitis or epilepsy. These observations raise questions about the sources of the B cells that result in production of LGI1 antibodies and how the IgGs reach the brain. We aimed to investigate the migration and expansions of peripheral and central B cells to the production of LGI1-specific IgG. ⋯ Wellcome Trust Intermediate Fellowship to SRI, Fulbright-MS Society, Epilepsy Research UK, BMA Vera Down Research Grant.
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Obesity is a global concern and can be effectively treated with bariatric surgery, which is expensive and invasive. Weight loss after surgery has been attributed to increased nutrient delivery to the lower small intestine with release of satiety-promoting gut hormones such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). We aimed to assess whether glutamine, a potent secretagogue of GLP-1 in vivo, increases GLP-1 release, improves glucose tolerance, or reduces meal size in volunteers. ⋯ European Union's Seventh Framework Programme, Wellcome Trust Translational Medicine & Therapeutics Programme, National Institute for Health Research.
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In the USA, more than 7200 new cases of anal cancer were diagnosed in 2014 with incidence rising. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy improves cancer-related outcomes but has led to an increase in acute and late adverse events. Patient-reported outcomes (PRO) are increasingly included in trials as a surrogate measure for reporting of late adverse events. This study aimed to select the most effective PRO to use in clinical research and practice for anal cancer since no questionnaire specific for anal cancer has been developed. ⋯ This abstract presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR).
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An apple-shaped fat distribution is associated with an adverse cardiometabolic phenotype. Hypercortisolaemia (Cushing's syndrome) is characterised by abdominal fat accumulation and gluteofemoral fat loss. The mechanisms underpinning this redistribution of fat mass are unknown. Since adipose tissue blood flow (ATBF) is an important determinant of lipolytic rate in vivo, we hypothesised that hypercortisolaemia might lead to differential abdominal and femoral ATBF. ⋯ Society for Endocrinology, Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund.