Lancet
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In Bihar state, India, the cure rate of antimonial compounds (eg, sodium stibogluconate) in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has fallen from more than 85% to less than 50%. This reduction has been attributed to long-term, widespread misuse of antimonial drugs within the Indian private health-care system. We aimed to test the hypothesis that exposure to arsenic in drinking water in this region has resulted in antimony-resistant Leishmania parasites. ⋯ Wellcome Trust.
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Clinical impression is that rates of eating disorders vary between schools; we are not aware of any previous research on this topic. We aimed to investigate whether rates of eating disorders in 16-20-year-old girls vary between upper secondary schools, and to test the hypothesis that school characteristics are associated with rates of eating disorders, even after accounting for characteristics of individual students. ⋯ HB was supported by a Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund (via the Elizabeth Blackwell Institute).
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Pregnancies are increasingly seen in women with a gastric band, but no guidance exists on band management during pregnancy. Although band inflation can prevent excessive gestational weight gain and its associated complications, it might have detrimental effects on fetal growth. We compared maternal and perinatal outcomes according to band management strategy-keeping the band inflated throughout pregnancy versus deflation. ⋯ Bristol Bariatric Pregnancy Research Hub.
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The provision of good quality and equitable end-of-life care is high on the public and political agenda. Hospice is second only to home in terms of preference for place of death and scores higher than any other setting for quality of care. However, hospices have been criticised for inequality of access with respect to age, diagnosis, and socioeconomic status. We aimed to describe the demographic characteristics associated with hospice death in England, and assessed how these characteristics have changed over time. ⋯ The GUIDE_Care project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Services and Delivery Research programme (project number 09/2000/58).
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Heart failure contributes to 5% of all hospital admissions, and mortality is more than 50% at 4 years. 54% of patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 40% have renal artery stenosis. The potential benefit of revascularisation for heart failure is not established. We aimed to compare clinical outcomes for renal artery revascularisation with medical therapy for renal artery stenosis associated with heart failure as the first step towards validating revascularisation as a therapeutic option in heart failure. ⋯ None.