Lancet
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Emergency department visits towards the end of life by people with cancer are increasing over time. This increase has occurred despite evidence of an association with poor patient outcomes, the majority of patients preferring home-based care, and significant overcrowding and capacity concerns for many emergency departments. We aimed to explore factors associated with emergency department attendance by cancer patients in the last month of life. ⋯ LH is a PhD clinical training fellow and funded through project BuildCARE which is supported by Cicely Saunders International and The Atlantic Philanthropies, and led by King's College London, Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation, UK.
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Cholangiocarcinoma has a high mortality and morbidity. Median survival is less than 6 months. Surgical resection is appropriate in certain circumstances. Because distal cholangiocarcinoma is difficult to distinguish from pancreatic cancers, patients might not receive optimum therapy. Proteomics is the study of complex cellular proteins using mass spectrometry. The aim of this study was to determine the constituent proteins on the cell surface of a model of cholangiocarcinoma. ⋯ UK Medical Research Council.
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Coagulation factor XIII-A has a crucial role in thrombus stabilisation and tissue repair. Factor XIII-A deficiency causes a severe bleeding phenotype and impaired wound healing, but the cellular origin of Factor XIII-A is unknown. To identify the cells that maintain the plasma pool, we generated a mouse floxed in coding exon7 of the factor XIII-A gene (F13A1). These mice were crossed with mice transgenic for Pf4-Cre-recombinase (thrombopoietic deletion) or Cd11b-Cre-recombinase (myeloid deletion). The resultant mice were compared with a Mpl-/- (thrombopoietin receptor knockout) thrombocytopenic murine model. ⋯ British Heart Foundation.
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Ulcerative colitis is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer, also known as colitis-associated cancer. Existing colonoscopic-based surveillance has many disadvantages, so a new accurate, efficient, cost-effective screening test is needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and are dysregulated in a range of diseases, including ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer. This study aimed to establish the miRNAs associated with colitis-associated cancer. ⋯ Royal College of Surgeons of England.
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Less than 100 years since it was first transmitted to the human population HIV-1 infects more than 30 million people worldwide and causes almost 2 million AIDS-related deaths every year. Viruses manipulate cellular genes and pathways to benefit their survival, and the study of cell surface proteins downregulated by viruses has provided insights into both viral pathogenesis and crucial aspects of cell biology. We aimed to identify novel cell surface proteins targeted for downregulation by HIV-1. ⋯ Wellcome Trust, Addenbrooke's Charitable Trust, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Foundation.