Lancet
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The role of local therapy for the management of oligometastatic prostate cancer at diagnosis still remains poorly defined. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating local therapy of the primary tumour for patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer at diagnosis as well as the patients who can benefit the most. ⋯ Local therapy for a primary tumour conferred a significantly better outcome in fit patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer at diagnosis. The evidence also suggests that radical prostatectomy is a preferable local therapy procedure for patients aged 65 years or younger or for those who have an AJCC stage M1a tumour. We believe that important local therapy factors should be systematically assessed to develop a personalised approach to improve patient survival FUNDING: This study was supported by the Prostate Cancer Foundation Young Investigator Award 2013, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81300627 and 81370855) and Programs from Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province (2013SZ0006 and 2014JY0219).
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China's rapid urban growth is associated with an increasingly unhealthy population. Urban planners can design cities to promote healthy lifestyles, but to re-engineer the existing built environment is no simple task. We assessed whether a simple modification of the built environment was associated with altered perceptions of, and ambulation in, that environment. ⋯ None.