Lancet
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Smoking continuation or uptake after a diagnosis of cancer is associated with decreased treatment efficacy, health deterioration, and worse survival outcomes; nonetheless, many patients with cancer continue smoking after their diagnosis. The extent and effectiveness of smoking cessation services in this cohort is poorly understood, but engagement with smoking cessation services is known to be scarce. The aim of this systematic review was to identify interventions for smokers diagnosed with cancer, as part of a larger study to develop a quit pathway. ⋯ Irish Cancer Society (grant SCA19FIT).
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Preventing smoking uptake among adolescents is essential to achieve a smoke-free generation. The aim of this study was to assess risk factors for smoking in late adolescence and smoking uptake between early and late adolescence, using data from the Millennium Cohort Study. We also present estimates of numbers of smokers and smoking uptake. ⋯ Cancer Research UK (grant reference PPRCTAGPJT\100005) and the UK National Institute for Health and Care Research School for Public Health Research. The funders had no role in the writing of the manuscript or the decision to submit for publication.
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Poor cognitive ability in childhood may lead to poor outcomes across the life course. Thus, isolating clusters of children who share similar trajectories of cognitive development across the childhood developmental stages will facilitate the development of more precise interventions. This study sought to identify trajectories of cognitive development across childhood and early-adolescence. We then aimed to assess associations of these trajectories with demographic factors, socioeconomic circumstances, parenting and school environment. ⋯ UK National Institute for Health Research Doctoral Research Fellowship Programme.
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Alcohol is a major cause of poor health but few studies have examined the contexts in which people consume alcohol. We aimed to develop a typology of British alcohol drinking occasions in 2019, and estimate how the population's alcohol consumption and heavy drinking (>6 units for women, >8 units for men) is distributed across occasion types. ⋯ Economic and Social Research Council Grant Number ES/R005257/1.
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Although special educational needs (SEN) are increasingly recorded among schoolchildren, infant breastfeeding has been associated with reduced incidence of childhood physical and mental health problems. This study investigated relationships between infant feeding methods and the risk of SEN. ⋯ Health Data Research UK (grant reference number MR/S003800/1).