Lancet
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Mobile messaging is an increasingly important health-care communication tool. Screening programmes pose unique challenges because of the large, diverse populations invited, who might have not interacted with services previously. This study aimed to provide guidance on how screening programmes in England can effectively implement mobile messaging services. ⋯ National Institute for Health and Care Research Imperial Patient Safety Translational Research Centre.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The Peer Education Project to improve mental health literacy in secondary school students in England: a qualitative realist evaluation.
Worsening of adolescent mental health and exacerbated health inequalities after the COVID-19 pandemic calls for universal preventative strategies. The Mental Health Foundation's school-based Peer Education Project seeks to improve students' mental health literacy through peer educators (aged 14-18 years) teaching peer learners (aged 11-13 years) to recognise good and bad mental health, identify risk and protective factors, and seek help accordingly. Although previous before and after quantitative assessments have found the intervention to be effective, this realist evaluation aimed to qualitatively develop the theory of change, exploring how the mechanisms played out in different contexts to achieve the desired outcomes. ⋯ National Institute for Health and Care Research School for Public Health Research.
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Road traffic impacts human health through air pollution and road safety issues. Low emission zones (LEZs) and congestion charging zones (CCZs) have therefore been implemented in several cities globally. We systematically reviewed the evidence on the effects of these pollution or congestion reduction schemes on specific physical health outcomes associated with air pollution or traffic exposure. ⋯ National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Public Health Research, NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Chemical and Radiation Threats and Hazards, MRC Centre for Environment and Health.
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Dietary patterns worldwide are increasingly displaced by many cheap, highly palatable, and ready-to-eat ultra-processed foods (UPFs). Higher UPF consumption has been linked to increased risk for obesity and cardiometabolic diseases, but prospective evidence is limited on cancer outcomes. This study aimed to examine the association between UPF consumption and risk for overall and site-specific cancer incidence and cancer mortality using the UK Biobank cohort. ⋯ Cancer Research UK and World Cancer Research Fund.
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The UK Government has a policy focus on the early years (children younger than 5 years old) as a timepoint to intervene and improve child health. However, implementation of interventions that reduce child health inequalities has not always been successful. One challenge lies in identifying appropriate target populations, which requires a better understanding of how disadvantage is used and measured in practice. We aimed to conceptualise disadvantage measured in child health literature and explore the associations between disadvantage and child health using these measures. ⋯ Child Health Research Charitable Incorporated Organisation PhD Studentship (award number 563654) and in part by the NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre.