Lancet
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Observational Study
Outsourcing and children's social care services: an observational longitudinal analysis of inspection outcomes among English children's homes and local authorities.
Most children's social care services in England are operated by for-profit companies, but the implications of this development are not well understood. We aimed to evaluate the associations between for-profit outsourcing and quality of service provision among local authorities and children's home providers in England, UK. ⋯ The John Fell Fund and the Carlsberg Foundation.
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Scotland was the first country to implement on May 1, 2018, a minimum unit pricing (MUP) for alcohol volume in beverages to tackle alcohol-related harms. In this study, we assessed the effect of MUP on road traffic accidents (RTAs) after 20 months of its implementation. We hypothesise that MUP would be associated with decreases in RTAs-ie, rises in alcohol prices and consequent decreases in consumption could lead to reductions in drink driving episodes, leading to reductions in RTAs. ⋯ None.
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Depression is ranked as the leading cause of global disability. Physical activity has been identified as a relevant strategy to reduce the incidence of depression. However, specific aspects of physical activity (eg, type of activity or combination) in decreasing the risk of depression have been underexplored. We aimed to investigate the associations of the type of activity, the number of activities participated in, and the combination of different activity types with the risk of depression onset. ⋯ UK Biobank.
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Walking and cycling can be beneficial to health. Restrictions for motor vehicles outside schools could be one way to encourage activity but few evaluations exist. We aimed to explore the potential of such a scheme on children's active commuting, intervention mechanisms, and the utility of routinely collected data for evaluation. ⋯ UK Medical Research Council.
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The COVID19 pandemic revealed and deepened existing inequalities. These were exacerbated by institutional and interpersonal racism and poorly conceived public health messaging. As a result, people from minority ethnic backgrounds in the UK were disproportionately affected. We conducted a creative interdisciplinary session to support interactive reflection and discussion on these inequalities between the actors and the audience, who was comprised of public health scientists and NHS practitioners, to come up with practical ways to address ethnicity-based health inequalities going forward. ⋯ UK Economic and Social Research Council.