Medicine
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Review Meta Analysis
Effects of periodontal therapy on metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease: a meta-analysis.
Epidemiologic studies have reported increased incidence, prevalence and acuity of periodontitis in adults with diabetes and some have also suggested that treating periodontal disease may improve glycemic control in diabetic patients. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of different periodontal therapies on metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontal disease. We searched the Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane Library (Central) databases up to January 2014 for relevant studies pertaining to periodontal treatments and glycemic control in adults with T2DM. ⋯ Systemic doxycycline added to SRP does not significantly improve metabolic control in patients with T2DM and chronic periodontitis. Current evidence is insufficient to support a significant association between periodontal therapy and metabolic control in this patient population. However, evidence suggests that periodontal therapy itself improves metabolic control and reinforces that T2DM is a risk factor for periodontitis.
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Controlled Clinical Trial Observational Study
Diagnosis of neonatal transient tachypnea and its differentiation from respiratory distress syndrome using lung ultrasound.
Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is one of the most common causes of perinatal dyspnea and is traditionally diagnosed by chest x-ray. This study aimed to explore the diagnostic value of lung ultrasonography (LUS) for TTN as well as differentiate it from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) by using LUS. From January 2013 to February 2014, 60 infants who were diagnosed with TTN based on medical history, clinical manifestations, arterial blood gas analysis, and chest radiography were recruited to the study group. ⋯ LUS can accurately and reliably diagnose TTN. The DLP and lung consolidation possess great value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of TTN with RDS. Thus, we believe that LUS can be widely used in neonatal intensive care units.
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There are numerous reports of treatment methods for spondylolisthesis with a Meyerding Grade of more than III. In high dysplastic spondylosthesis, surgical treatment was selected because there is considered to be a high possibility of low back pain and lower limb neurological symptoms worsening if slippage progresses. Monosegmental lumbar interbody fusion (L5-S1) with a pedicle screw system (PPS) was used to treat three cases of Meyerding Grade IV developmental spondylolisthesis. ⋯ However, in one case with little spinal mobility due to vertebral body dysplasia, despite performing sufficient decompression of the nerve root at L5 and slow reduction to avoid placing excessive tension on the nerve root, a transient neurological disorder was observed. A PPS was used to increase the reduction strength and favorable reduction was possible. However, in the case with a long clinical course and the case with poor spinal mobility, since the mobility and plasticity of the nerve root itself may have been reduced, it was considered that reduction should be performed carefully using intraoperative neurological monitoring.
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Observational Study
Does the position or contact pressure of the stethoscope make any difference to clinical blood pressure measurements: an observational study.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of stethoscope position and contact pressure on auscultatory blood pressure (BP) measurement. Thirty healthy subjects were studied. Two identical stethoscopes (one under the cuff, the other outside the cuff) were used to simultaneously and digitally record 2 channels of Korotkoff sounds during linear cuff pressure deflation. ⋯ There was no significant SBP difference between the 2 stethoscope positions at the 2 lower stethoscope pressures (P = 0.23 and 0.45), but there was a small (0.4 mm Hg, clinically unimportant) significant difference (P = 0.005) at the highest stethoscope pressure. The key result was that, DBP from the stethoscope under the cuff was significantly lower than that from outside the cuff by 2.8 mm Hg (P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval -3.5 to -2.1 mm Hg). Since it is known that the traditional Korotkoff sound method, with the stethoscope outside the cuff, tends to give a higher DBP than the true intra-arterial pressure, this study could suggest that the stethoscope position under the cuff, and closer to the arterial occlusion, might yield measurements closer to the actual invasive DBP.
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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are recently discovered RNA transcripts that are aberrantly expressed in many tumor types. Numerous studies have suggested that lncRNAs can be utilized for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. LSINCT5 (long stress-induced non-coding transcript 5) is dramatically upregulated in breast and ovarian cancer and affects cellular proliferation. ⋯ Moreover, multivariate analysis revealed that increased expression of LSINCT5 is an independent predictor of DFS and DSS rates in GC patients. The ectopic expression of LSINCT5 in gastrointestinal cancer cell lines resulted in an increase in cellular proliferation; conversely, knock down of LSINCT5 significantly inhibited proliferation. These results suggest that LSINCT5 may represent a novel prognostic indicator and a target for gene therapy in gastrointestinal cancer.