Medicine
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Review Meta Analysis
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Medical Students' Perspectives on the Engagement in Research.
Engaging students in active learning lies at the center of effective higher education. In medical schools, students' engagement in learning and research has come under increasing attention. The objective of this study was to synthesize evidence on medical students' perspectives on the engagement in research. ⋯ We acknowledged the caveats and the merit of the current review. Findings showed that engagement in research resulted in favorable reactions toward research and academic learning. Future well-designed studies using standardized research tools on how to engage students in research are recommended.
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This study aims to validate the oncologic outcomes of anastomotic leakage (AL) after laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME) in a large multicenter cohort. The impact of AL after laparoscopic TME for rectal cancer surgery has not yet been clearly described. This was a multicenter retrospective study of 1083 patients who underwent laparoscopic TME for nonmetastatic rectal cancer (stage 0-III). ⋯ Five-year DFS and OS were significantly lower in the leakage group than the no leakage group (DFS 71.7% vs 82.1%, P = 0.016, OS 81.8% vs 93.5%, P = 0.007). Multivariate analysis showed that AL was an independent poor prognostic factor for DFS and OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.6; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.0-2.6; P = 0.042, HR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.0-4.2; P = 0.028, respectively). AL after laparoscopic TME was significantly associated with an increased rate of LR, systemic recurrence and poor OS.
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The reduction in the pain intensity is one of the most important outcome measures in musculoskeletal disorders. The assessment of pain required reliable and valid scale. The aims of this prospective observational study were to develop and evaluate concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of hundred paisa pain scale (HPPS) for measuring musculoskeletal pain. ⋯ There was a strong correlation between the HPPS and the VAS, and NRS (P < 0.01), which confirm the validity. The HPPS was responsive as the correlation of the change score of HPPS with the change score of VAS, and NRS were good (0.80 and 0.86, respectively). The HPPS is a valid and reliable scale to assess musculoskeletal pain, with psychometric properties in agreement with other comparable scale.
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Observational Study
Emergency Presentations With Nonspecific Complaints-the Burden of Morbidity and the Spectrum of Underlying Disease: Nonspecific Complaints and Underlying Disease.
The prevalence of diagnoses, morbidity, and mortality of patients with nonspecific complaints (NSC) presenting to the emergency department (ED) is unknown. To determine the prevalence of diagnoses, acute morbidity, and mortality of patients with NSC. Prospective observational study with a 30-day follow-up. ⋯ Acute morbidity and mortality were high in the presented cohort, the predictors of morbidity and mortality being age and sex rather than the nature of the complaints. Urgently needed management strategies could be based on these results. ClinicalTrials.gov (#NCT00920491).
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Meta Analysis
Association of CYP1A1 and GSTM1 Polymorphisms With Oral Cancer Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis.
Our meta-analysis was aimed to evaluate the association of CYP1A1 and glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) polymorphisms with oral cancer susceptibility. The related articles were searched in PubMed, Embase, and CNKI databases. Fifty eligible studies were included in our meta-analysis. ⋯ Moreover, the analysis based on source of control suggested that rs4646903 could increase the risk for oral cancer in both population- and hospital-based populations, whereas no remarkable relationship of rs1048943 with oral cancer susceptibility was observed. For GSTM1 gene, null genotype appeared to be a risk factor for oral cancer (null vs present: OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.12-1.34), which was also proved in the subgroup analysis. The results demonstrated that CYP1A1 rs4646903 and null genotype of GSTM1 polymorphisms might serve as risk factors for oral cancer.