Medicine
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Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are an abundant antibacterial innate-like lymphocyte population. There are conflicting reports as to their fate in HIV infection. The objective of this study was to determine whether MAIT cells are truly depleted in HIV infection. ⋯ MAIT cells are depleted from blood in HIV infection as confirmed by independent assays. Significant accumulation of a CD161- MAIT cell population is unlikely. Molecular approaches represent a suitable alternative to flow cytometry-based assays for tracking of MAIT cells in HIV and other settings.
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Review Meta Analysis
Intraoperative Radiotherapy Versus Whole-Breast External Beam Radiotherapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
There has not been a clear answer about the efficacy of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) for women with early-stage breast cancer. The aim of this meta-analysis was to summarize the available evidence comparing the efficacy and safety of IORT with those of whole-breast external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for women with early-stage breast cancer. MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched up to October 2014. ⋯ Overall mortality did not differ significantly. IORT should be used in conjunction with the prudent selection of suitable patients. It is imperative to identify women with a low risk of local recurrence.
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Observational Study
Emergency Presentations With Nonspecific Complaints-the Burden of Morbidity and the Spectrum of Underlying Disease: Nonspecific Complaints and Underlying Disease.
The prevalence of diagnoses, morbidity, and mortality of patients with nonspecific complaints (NSC) presenting to the emergency department (ED) is unknown. To determine the prevalence of diagnoses, acute morbidity, and mortality of patients with NSC. Prospective observational study with a 30-day follow-up. ⋯ Acute morbidity and mortality were high in the presented cohort, the predictors of morbidity and mortality being age and sex rather than the nature of the complaints. Urgently needed management strategies could be based on these results. ClinicalTrials.gov (#NCT00920491).
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Meta Analysis Observational Study
eNOS Genetic Polymorphisms and Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis and a Case-Control Study of Breast Cancer.
The association between endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) polymorphisms (intron 4a/b, -786T>C and 894G>T) and cancer risk remains elusive. In addition, no studies focused on their associations with the risk of breast cancer in Chinese Han population. Thus, a meta-analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between eNOS polymorphisms and cancer risk, and then a case-control study in Chinese Han population was performed to assess their associations with breast cancer susceptibility. ⋯ In addition, stratified analyses based on pathological type showed that eNOS 894G>T polymorphism was only associated with the risk of infiltrative ductal carcinoma. Stratified analyses by tumor stage showed that eNOS -786T>C polymorphism was only associated with the risk of tumor stage III and IV. In conclusion, our meta-analysis and case-control study suggest that eNOS -786T>C and 894G>T polymorphisms are associated with the increased risk of breast cancer.
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Meta Analysis
Association of CYP1A1 and GSTM1 Polymorphisms With Oral Cancer Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis.
Our meta-analysis was aimed to evaluate the association of CYP1A1 and glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) polymorphisms with oral cancer susceptibility. The related articles were searched in PubMed, Embase, and CNKI databases. Fifty eligible studies were included in our meta-analysis. ⋯ Moreover, the analysis based on source of control suggested that rs4646903 could increase the risk for oral cancer in both population- and hospital-based populations, whereas no remarkable relationship of rs1048943 with oral cancer susceptibility was observed. For GSTM1 gene, null genotype appeared to be a risk factor for oral cancer (null vs present: OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.12-1.34), which was also proved in the subgroup analysis. The results demonstrated that CYP1A1 rs4646903 and null genotype of GSTM1 polymorphisms might serve as risk factors for oral cancer.