Medicine
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Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) disease is one of the most serious complications of BCG vaccination, mainly among immunocompromised children with high morbidity and mortality. Currently, there is no any consensus with regard to the standard regimen of antituberculosis (anti-TB) agents and duration of treatment in healthy or immunocompromised host in children. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of various combination treatment strategies for disseminated BCG disease in children. ⋯ The mortality rate was not statistically different between patients treated with different treatment protocols. These results were not affected by immune status and the type of immunodeficiency. More than 2 anti-TB drugs combination will not change outcome of patient with disseminated BCG disease.
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Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers and is associated with a poor survival rate in the Chinese Han population. Analysis of genetic variants could lead to improvements in prognosis following lung cancer treatment. Resistin (RETN) is an important mediator of metabolic diseases and tumor progression. ⋯ Moreover, the RETN SNP rs3219175 with AG or AG + AA alleles was associated with a higher risk of distant metastasis than that in patients carrying GG alleles. We also used genotype-tissue expression datasets to compare the correlation of the RETN SNP rs3219175 in lung tissue and whole blood. In conclusion, our study demonstrated, for the first time, that RETN polymorphisms were correlated with lung cancer progression in the Chinese Han population.
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Obesity is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the underweight population of body mass index (BMI) below 18.5 kg/m has not been an object of concern. The objective of this study is to investigate whether underweight could be an independent risk factor for CVD in a population-based cross-sectional study. Cross-sectional data of 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) database encompassing 491,773 US adult subjects were used to assess risk for CVD. ⋯ In subanalysis for each CVD category, being underweight among BMI status was the strongest independent risk factor for stroke (adjusted RR 1.441 [95% CI 1.431-1.450]), heart attack/ myocardial infarction (MI) (adjusted RR 1.23 [95% CI 1.217-1.233]), and angina/coronary artery disease (adjusted RR 1.20 [95% CI 1.189-1.206]). Especially among the population below 40-year old, relative risk estimates remained increased in the underweight population; persons who were underweight had a 2.3-fold greater adjusted relative risk of CVD as compared with those with normal weight when we stratified with age. Underweight below BMI 18.5 kg/m may be another risk factor for CVD, and CVD risk of the overweight and obese population largely depended on other comorbidities accompanied by obesity.
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The occurrence of hyperkalemia after esophagectomy is clinically rare. Patients who underwent esophagectomy often have a serum potassium level due to perioperative reduced intake, fluids loss, consumption and other reasons. These patients often require the artificial administration of potassium. Rapid fluid loss and physiological consumption lead to the deficiency of potassium, even hypokalemia. Patients often require the addition of a large amount of potassium after operation. The occurrence of hyperkalemia after esophagectomy is never been reported. ⋯ Therefore, there is a need to regularly test electrolytes, especially in patients with diabetes, as well as better blood glucose control. Attention should be paid to the potential of infection, and to avoiding ketoacidosis and risk of sepsis.
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Surgical removal of a sebaceous cyst is usually accomplished through an external incision, which inevitably results in a scar. Herein, we described an intraoral approach for excising sebaceous cysts located in the lip or cheek near lip commissure, to avoid a skin scar. ⋯ A sebaceous cyst located in the lip or cheek near lip commissure can be excised by an intraoral approach through the mouth, which avoids a visible scar on the skin.