Medicine
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To detect drug resistance in Shigella obtained from the dung of the giant panda, explore the factors leading to drug resistance in Shigella, understand the characteristics of clustered, regularly interspaced, short, palindromic repeats (CRISPR), and assess the relationship between CRISPR and drug resistance. ⋯ The CRISPR system widely exists in Shigella and shares homology with that in Escherichia coli. The cas1 and cas 2 mutations contribute to the different levels of resistance. Point mutations at sites 3176455, 3176590, and 3176465 in cas1 (a); sites 3176989, 3176992, and 3176995 in cas1 (b); sites 3176156 and 3176236 in cas2 may affect the resistance of bacteria, cause emergence of multidrug resistance, and increase the types of drug resistance.
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Comparative Study Observational Study
De-escalation empirical antibiotic therapy improved survival for patients with severe aplastic anemia treated with antithymocyte globulin.
We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of de-escalation empirical therapy for controlling infection in patients with severe aplastic anaemia (SAA) treated with antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Eighty-seven ATG-treated SAA patients who had microbiological culture-confirmed infections from 2006 to 2015 in our center were retrospectively analyzed. The efficacy of de-escalation and non-de-escalation therapy was compared. ⋯ We concluded that de-escalation antibiotics improved survival in SAA patients after ATG treatment. Early administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics pending microbiological cultures combined with a commitment to change to narrow-spectrum antibiotics should be recommended for controlling infections in SAA patients treated with ATG. Granulocyte transfusions might be an adjunctive therapy in controlling infections.
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In-stent stenosis after treated by Willis covered stent-case reports. ⋯ In-stent stenosis after treated with Willis covered is uncommon, but not rare. Operators should pay more attention to the in-stent stenosis during the period of follow-up observation and monitor P2Y12 Reaction Unit (PRU) in the antiplatelet period, especially for the Willis covered stent. What is more, the treatment for stenosis ought to be carefully considered.
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Observational Study
The significance of diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and trigeminal nerve invasion.
To investigate the significance of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and trigeminal nerve invasion. Fifty-two patients with NPC and unilateral infringement and 30 healthy controls were recruited for our study. Routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and DTI were performed for all participants. ⋯ The FA and ADC values on the affected sides of patients revealed a significant decrease and increase, respectively, when compared with those on the unaffected sides of patients and the healthy controls (P = 0.000 for all), whereas there were no significant differences in DTI metrics between both sides of healthy controls or between the unaffected sides of patients and the healthy controls (P = 0.930, 0.580, 0.095, and 0.360, respectively). The decreasing FA rate on the affected sides of patients correlated negatively with the increasing ADC rate (r = -0.675, P = 0.000). DTI can quantitatively evaluate microstructural abnormalities of the V3 branch of the trigeminal nerve in patients with NPC, which is important for the early detection of trigeminal nerve invasion to achieve a precise T classification, assess prognosis, and guide treatment.