Medicine
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More surgeons had noticed the importance of carbon nanoparticles (CNs) in protection of parathyroid grand in the surgery of thyroidectomy and central lymph lode dissection, but paid less attention to the injection time. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether preoperative injection of CNs can improve the dissection of lymph nodes (LNs) and protect parathyroid grand (PG) for the patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (TC). ⋯ Preoperative injection of CNs was safe, and can help protect PG and reduce the difficulty of operation.
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Observational Study
Impact of reduced skeletal muscle volume on clinical outcome after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: A retrospective study.
The aim of the study was to clarify the impact of reduced skeletal muscle volume on the morbidity of patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Malnutrition and reduced skeletal muscle volume, that is, presarcopenia, are reportedly associated with a high frequency of postoperative complications after esophagectomy. However, it remains unclear whether the reduction of skeletal muscle volume following esophagectomy may affect clinical outcomes including pneumonia occurred beyond the preoperative period. ⋯ Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age and postoperative PI reduction were independently associated with the incidence of pneumonia 6 months after surgery (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-7.32, P = .02; HR = 3.25, 95% CI 1.15-9.15, P = .03, respectively). Patients with pneumonia 6 months after surgery had significantly poorer overall survival than those without pneumonia at that time. Postoperative reduction of skeletal muscle volume was independently associated with the occurrence of pneumonia beyond the preoperative period, which might indicate the importance of a postoperative nutritional support after perioperative period in esophageal cancer patients.
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Observational Study
Titanium elastic nailing versus locking compression plating in school-aged pediatric subtrochanteric femur fractures.
The treatment of children between 5 and 12 years of age suffering from subtrochanteric femoral fracture is challenging. The optimal choice of internal fixation for these patients is controversial. The purpose of this study is to compare the outcomes and complications of titanium elastic nail and open reduction with plate fixation of subtrochanteric femur fractures in school-aged children. ⋯ Titanium elastic nail and pediatric hip plate fixation represent safe and effective methods in the treatment of subtrochanteric fractures in school-aged children. Titanium elastic nail internal fixation is a minimal invasive and simpler technique and suitable for young children of lower body weight. Open plate fixation is a more rigid fixation associated with a lower complication rate.
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Primary malignant mixed mullerian tumors of the fallopian tube is very rare and has only 1 case in the current literature with cervix metastasis. ⋯ Primary malignant mixed mullerian tumors of the fallopian tube can be located by magnetic resonance image examination, which may also offer several diagnostic tips according to changes in signal and enhancement. When combined with pathological findings, qualitative diagnosis can be determined. Surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy are considered as effective methods. Our paper discussed its epidemiology, clinical symptoms, pathologic characters, therapeutic method as well as magnetic resonance imaging findings suggesting the diagnosis and differential diagnosis, including precontrast scan, contrast scan and diffusion weighted image and provided magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of primary malignant mixed mullerian tumors of the fallopian tube described in other literatures.
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Clinical Trial Observational Study
Prior vaccinations improve immunogenicity of inactivated influenza vaccine in young children aged 6 months to 3 years: A cohort study.
In young children, infrequent antigen exposure, which is partly characterized by fewer vaccinations, may be a factor impairing the immunogenicity of inactivated influenza vaccine. We assessed the effects of prior vaccinations on age-specific immune responses in Japanese children aged 6 months to 3 years, using data from a cohort study with 266 children who had received 2 doses (0.25 mL/dose for < 3 years old, 0.5 mL/dose for 3 years old) in the 2006/2007 season. Serological measures, primarily seroprotection rates, between previously vaccinated and vaccine-naïve children were compared within 1-year age strata. ⋯ After adjustment for age, baseline antibody titer and experience of acute febrile respiratory illness in the preceding season, odds ratios showed a significant independent positive effect of prior vaccination on seroprotection rate for every strain. After the seroprotection threshold was changed from 1:40 to 1:160, the results of the effects of prior vaccinations on immunogenicity were similar or became more evident, which demonstrate the robustness of our findings. Our study found that prior vaccinations improved poor immunogenicity among young children, especially in 1-year-olds.