Medicine
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The impact of underweight on the risk of developing primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is not known, although the association between obesity and POAG has been well studied. We evaluated the risk of POAG among underweight patients by studying a nationwide cohort sample in South Korea. We analyzed data from the Korean National Health Insurance Research Database collected between 2009 and 2012 for 17,000,636 patients aged 40 years or older. ⋯ Multivariate analyses revealed that underweight was significantly related to an increased risk of future POAG development, by 9.8% and 27.8% in individuals with and without diabetes, respectively. There was a reverse J-shaped relationship between BMI and risk of POAG in the normal, impaired glucose tolerance, and diabetes groups; especially, this relationship was most notable in participants with diabetes. Patients who were underweight exhibited a significantly higher prospective risk of POAG, even after adjusting for confounding factors.
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In recent years, there has been an interest in whether environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) may contribute to the endocrine disorders in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The clearance of EEDs from the human body is regulated by the glucuronidation of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT). This study aimed to analyze the relationship of UGT1A1, UGT2B7, and UGT2B15 polymorphisms with the metabolism of EEDs in patients with PCOS. ⋯ Our study reported the novel associations between the UGT polymorphisms and EEDs concentrations in patients with PCOS, supporting the relevance of genetic differences in EEDs metabolism, which might be considered as an etiology of PCOS.
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Multidrug-resistant bacterial (MDRB) infections have been difficult to treat clinically. Tigecycline (TIG) has several advantages, especially in the treatment of severe infections. Many clinicians have considered increasing the TIG dose to improve the efficacy of this molecule. ⋯ The occurrence of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection and an MIC value of 1 to 2 g/mL for TIG were independently associated with clinical failure in the VAP subgroup. HDs of TIG was found to associate with better clinical efficacy and microbiological eradication than its CDs in the elderly patients with MDRB infections. In the VAP and BSIs subgroups, administration of HDs of TIG was associated with better outcomes.
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The efficacy of panitumumab supplementation for colorectal cancer remains controversial. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the influence of panitumumab supplementation on treatment efficacy of colorectal cancer. ⋯ Panitumumab supplementation can provide some improvement in objective response for colorectal cancer patients with WT KRAS, but results in the increase in grade 3 and 4 adverse events.
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A systemic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to compare the efficacy, toxicity and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with or without induction chemotherapy (IC) for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). ⋯ Combined IC and CCRT therapy was an efficacy treatment regimen for locoregionally advanced NPC.