Medicine
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Adrenocortical carcinoma is an invasive malignancy with poor prognosis, high recurrence rate and limited therapeutic options. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an effective method to diagnose and evaluate the prognosis of patients, so as to realize individualized treatment and improve their survival rate. This study investigated metabolic genes that may be potential therapeutic targets for Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). ⋯ Last, a nomogram was established to assess the individualized prognosis prediction model. The results indicated that the signature of 5 metabolic genes had excellent predictive value for ACC. These findings might help improve personalized treatment and medical decisions.
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Observational Study
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 amongst ophthalmologists throughout the first and second waves of the pandemic.
The study aims to investigate the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among ophthalmology unit staff throughout the first and second waves of the outbreak, in order to verify the effectiveness of the measures adopted in containing the contagion. A retrospective observational study was conducted involving staff members, who received a naso/oropharyngeal swab when complaining of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms and once a month as a screening measure. They were tested for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies as a screening measure during the first and the second wave. ⋯ Clinical activities significantly decreased during the first wave compared with the same period in 2019 (3256 vs 10,075, P < .0001, -68% to 2019), but increased during the second wave (8208 vs 3256, P < .0001, +152% to the first wave). Despite the increase in routine activities during the second wave, we did not observe a significant increase in SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. Strict protection measures seemed to contain the rate of contagion among the ophthalmology unit members even in a high-volume clinical setting in one of the most affected area by the coronavirus disease-2019 outbreak.
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Pancreatic tumors, except solid pseudopapillary tumors (SPTs), are rare in pediatric patients. Herein, we report various types of pancreatic tumors in pediatric patients and review the literature regarding their treatments and prognosis. We retrospectively reviewed the data of pediatric patients who underwent surgery for pancreatic tumors, excluding SPTs, between January 2009 and December 2019 at Seoul National University Children's Hospital. ⋯ The detailed demographics, treatments, and prognosis of each patient were reviewed. Despite the rarity and low incidence of pancreatic tumors in pediatric patients, four types of non-SPT tumors are reported here. Hence, the possibility of these should not be overlooked, especially since the diagnosis and adjuvant treatment differ vastly between the tumor types.
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Case Reports
A case report of ovarian granulosa cell tumor in patient with polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) account for less than 2% of all ovarian malignancies and are the second most common ovarian sex cord stromal tumors after fibroma/thecomas.GCTs occur most frequently in postmenopausal women with a peak age of 50 to 55, are usually diagnosed in their early stages, and have a good prognosis. GCTs usually present with features of hyperestrogenism, with an average size is 10 to 15 cm. ⋯ GCTs should be considered in the differential diagnosis if a female patient with PCOS and amenorrhea shows a unilateral small solid mass. They are extremely rare malignant ovarian tumors that must be differentiated from other benign ovarian tumors, especially endometriomas and dermoid cysts. It was difficult for us to suspect a granulosa cell tumor because the patient already had PCOS symptoms such as mild hirsutism and amenorrhea. This case highlights the importance of physicians being aware of and suspicious for GCTs in similar cases, along with knowing their characteristics in considering possible differential diagnoses.
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The purpose of this case study was to identify factors of bilateral etiopathogenesis of Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD) and those supporting the effectiveness of the therapeutic process in a 12-year-old elite female Olympic karateka. ⋯ In the case discussed in this study, growth spurt, the specificity of the sport practiced, and early specialization including high-volume and high-intensity training should be considered as factors causing OSD and its progression. Kinesiotherapeutic management and static stretching are crucial for the treatment of OSD. Quick return to sports competition was possible due to early therapeutic intervention, which could also lead to the absence of pathological changes in the tibial tubercle and the absence of recurrence of OSD.