Medicine
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Genetic alterations of KIT gene are known to be one of the major causes of melanoma. Those are more common in the mucous and acral subtypes and KIT is regarded as major oncogene in Asian melanomas, where the prevalence of these subtypes is high. Up to date, several clinical trials have been conducted to target KIT gene alterations in melanoma with unsatisfied efficacies. Imatinib mesylate, a small-molecule inhibitor of the KIT tyrosine kinase, provides a rapid but not durable clinical response in KIT-mutant melanoma. Meanwhile, recent basic and clinical evidence have revealed another aspect of KIT-targeted therapy, namely the enhancement of antitumor activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Herein, we designed clinical trial of co-administrating imatinib mesylate and pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1 antibody) to evaluate its safety and efficacy. ⋯ If this study shows efficacy and acceptable safety profile, it will contribute to the development of novel treatment option for patients with KIT-mutant melanoma that are refractory to standard therapy.
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Bile duct injury (BDI) is one of the serious complications in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), but there is currently a lack of systematic review of risk factors related to BDI after LC. This study conducts meta-analysis on the risk factors related to bile duct injury after LC, the purpose is to provide reference basis for preventing and reducing BDI after LC. ⋯ DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/2B3K9, the registration URL is https://osf.io/2b3k9.
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Corticosteroids have been one of the most frequently used therapeutics in ophthalmology over the past decades, known for their potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions. Intraocular pressure elevation has proven to be a significant ocular side effect that could accompany steroid use. However, the information on ocular-hypertensive corticosteroid response is scant in children. We aim to systematically describe the corticosteroid-induced intraocular pressure elevation in the pediatric age group. ⋯ CRD42021252298.
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Adenomyosis (AM) is a disease in which the endometrium (including glands and stroma) invades the myometrium and grows. The main clinical symptoms include menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, metrorrhagia, and dyspareunia, which will seriously affect the physical and mental health of patients, and most of which occur in women of childbearing age. Acupuncture, as a special external treatment of Traditional Chinese medicine, has shown good effects in the treatment of adenomyosis. At present, there is a lack of systematic review on acupuncture in the treatment of adenomyosis. We conduct this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of adenomyosis. ⋯ We plan to submit this systematic review to a peer-reviewed journal.
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Conventionally fractionated radiotherapy is a common treatment for men with localized prostate cancer. A growing consensus suggests that stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is similarly effective but less costly and more convenient for patients. The SpaceOAR hydrogel rectal spacer placed between the prostate and rectum reduces radiation-induced rectal injury in patients receiving conventionally fractionated radiotherapy, but spacer efficacy with SBRT is unclear. The purpose of this research was to assess the clinical utility of the hydrogel rectal spacer in men receiving SBRT for prostate cancer. ⋯ SpaceOAR hydrogel spacer placed between the prostate and rectum prior to SBRT is a promising preventative strategy that increases the distance between the prostate and rectum, reduces rectal radiation exposure, and may lower the risk of clinically important GI complications.