Medicine
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The association between cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) polymorphisms and neurological deterioration in stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients is not completely understood. Hence, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to quantify this association. ⋯ This meta-analysis demonstrated that the carriers of CYP2C19∗2, ∗3 loss-of-function alleles have an increased risk of neurological deterioration compared to non-carriers in stroke or TIA patients. Additionally, CYP2C19∗17 gain-of-function allele can reduce the risk of neurological deterioration.
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Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) occurs commonly after cardiac surgery. Studies suggest that corticosteroid can reduce the incident of POAF. However, the results remain controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety corticosteroid on the prevention of POAF following cardiac surgery. ⋯ Our review suggests that the efficacy of corticosteroid might be beneficial to POAF development in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The strength of this association remains uncertain because of statistical and clinical heterogeneity among the included studies.
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The hospital-acquired influenza (HAI) were usually contributed to severe outcomes among the inpatients. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to summarize and quantify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of HAI. ⋯ The proportion of the HAI among the influenza cases was relatively high. Reinforcement of the surveillance systems and vaccination of the high-risk patients and their contacts are necessary for the HAI control.
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The prevalence of children exhibiting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with digestive system involvement remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the impact of COVID-19 on the digestive system of children. In this meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from January 1, 2020, to June 31, 2020. ⋯ The pooled rate of recovery was 97% (95% CI: 94-100; I2 = 86%), and the pooled rate of death, which was 1% (95% CI: 1-4; I2 = 48%), was much smaller than the recovery rate. Our research shows that digestive system symptoms and function in children with COVID-19 are not uncommon. More attention should be paid to this unique group of patients.
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Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response caused by infection, which is a common complication after severe infection, trauma, shock, and surgery, and is also an important factor in inducing septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and has become one of the important causes of death in critically ill patients. Septic patients with gastrointestinal transport function weakened, are prone to malnutrition, resulting in decreased immune function, thereby affecting the therapeutic effect. Clinical practice shows that the nutritional metabolism and immune response of patients with sepsis can be effectively improved by giving alanyl glutamine nutritional support treatment, but there is no evidence of evidence-based medicine. The study carried out in this protocol aims to evaluate the effectiveness of alanyl glutamine in nutritional support therapy for patients with sepsis. ⋯ DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/VRZPJ.