Medicine
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Canaliculops is a rare condition, and only 11 cases have been reported previously. We report 2 cases of canaliculops, which were successfully treated using the new recanalization technique under dacryoendoscopy followed by bicanalicular lacrimal intubation. ⋯ Eleven case series of canaliculops have been described previously, but this is the first report of this recanalization procedure offering a new, less invasive treatment option compared to complete or partial resection of the cystic lesion.
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Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has received much attention in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 recently. However, it can cause irreversible vision loss. Few cases have been reported in pediatric patient with HCQ-related adverse reactions. Appropriate administration and early disease recognition are important for reducing the adverse drug reactions of HCQ. ⋯ Although decreased visual acuity is an infrequent symptom, ophthalmologists should be aware of the possibility of HCQ concentration enrichment and consider minimizing HCQ use when a child with renal hypofunction seeks treatment for shortsightedness.
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Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is considered a rare cancer with poor prognosis. We used public datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases to assess the relationships between N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-related genes and ACC. We used the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to compare m6A-related gene expression in ACC tissues with that in normal tissues. ⋯ The univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses showed that risk score can be considered an independent prognostic factor for ACC. We found that the expression of m6A-related genes could be used as an independent prognostic factor in ACC. However, the current study has some limitations, and further studies of m6A-related genes in ACC are needed.
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Genotypic and histological evolution of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) into small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been described as a mechanism of acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. However, the number of clinical cases is rare. ⋯ The cases highlighted the importance of rebiopsy that identified pathologically SCLC transformation after EGFR-TKI resistance, and suggested the treatment of erlotinib plus EP followed by etoposide, which could provide a reference for such phenotype.
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Cystoisosporiasis is an intestinal infectious disease caused by a coccidian protozoa, Cystoisospora belli (C. belli). It can cause prolonged and refractory diarrhea most commonly in immunocompromised patients, while immunocompetent individuals usually exhibit no symptoms or self-limited diarrhea. ⋯ This case indicates that even immunocompetent individuals may develop recurrent and refractory cystoisosporiasis. Furthermore, intravenous treatment of antibiotic agents should be considered when the impaired absorptive ability from the small intestine is suspected.