Medicine
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Multicenter Study
Assessment of blood consumption score for pediatrics predicts transfusion requirements for children with trauma.
Although transfusion is a primary life-saving technique, the assessment of transfusion requirements in children with trauma at an early stage is challenging. We aimed to develop a scoring system for predicting transfusion requirements in children with trauma. This was a case-control study that employed a nationwide registry of patients with trauma (Japan Trauma Data Bank) and included patients aged <16 years with blunt trauma between 2004 and 2015. ⋯ Ped-ABC scores of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 points were associated with transfusion rates of 2.2% (48/2210), 7.5% (198/2628), 19.8% (181/912), 53.3% (88/165), and 89.3% (25/28), respectively. After age adjustment, c-statistic was 0.76 (95% confidence interval, 0.74-0.78). The ped-ABC score using vital signs and FAST scan may be helpful in predicting the requirement for transfusion within 24 hours in children with trauma.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Improving the discomfort and satisfaction of colonoscopy by distraction with smartphones: A prospective randomized controlled study.
Colonoscopy is an uncomfortable procedure. Distraction is thought to reduce pain by decreasing the amount of attention a person spends on a painful stimulus. We aimed to assess the usefulness of smartphones on discomfort associated with the colonoscopy. ⋯ Patient using smartphone is a special manner to increase satisfaction during colonoscopy with a less discomfort and is more likely to be polyp detection rate.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Malignant transformation of oral potentially malignant disorders in Taiwan: An observational nationwide population database study.
Oral cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death, which are mostly preceded by oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Taiwanese government launched a free oral cancer screening program. The aim of this study was to analyze the malignant transformation rate of OPMDs. ⋯ Nationwide screening is very important for early diagnosis. OVH had the highest malignant transformation possibility. Female OPMD patients are a rare but have a relatively high malignant transformation rate.
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Multicenter Study
Associations between body composition and cognitive function in an elderly Korean population: A cohort-based cross-sectional study.
The prevalence of obesity as well as cognitive impairment increases with age. Previous studies showed that obesity is associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. Body composition changes occur as part of the aging process; therefore, the assessment of obesity in elderly populations should include body composition as well as body weight. ⋯ In this study, BMI, and fat mass-related indexes including FMI and TFMI showed a positive linear correlation with cognitive functions but not FFMI. Moreover, the findings were significant only in men. Besides the difference between sexes, the results of this study showed a more apparent correlation in fat mass than in fat-free mass that comprises body weight.
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Scoliosis is a spinal deformity and is diagnosed as Cobb angle being greater than 10°. Because it is accompanied with structural dysfunction, it can cause pain, worsen the patient's general health and quality of life. The prevalence of scoliosis has been increasing and many treatments, including surgical treatment and conservative treatment, such as observation, bracing, physiotherapy, and Chuna manual therapy (CMT), have been suggested. CMT is a manual therapy in Korean medicine that provides effective stimulation to the patient's body structure to treat structural dysfunction. After Korean national health insurance's coverage of CMT in 2019, the application of CMT for scoliosis has increased, and many studies have been reported. There have been attempts to elucidate the effectiveness of CMT on scoliosis; however, its effectiveness still remains unconfirmed. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of CMT on scoliosis. ⋯ This study will propose useful evidence for treatment, further research, and health policies in the future.