Medicine
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A case of traumatic atlanto-axial rotatory subluxation (AARS), dens fracture, rupture of transverse atlantal ligament (TAL), and subaxial spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA) of Brown-Sequard syndrome has never been reported in a child. ⋯ To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of traumatic AARS, dens fracture, TAL rupture, and subaxial SCIWORA of Brown-Sequard syndrome in a child. Appropriate diagnosis and careful treatment strategy are required for successful management of complex cervical injuries in a child.
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Primary schwannoma of the thyroid gland is very rare, and its preoperative diagnosis is difficult. ⋯ The combination of different US modalities is useful for the diagnosis of thyroid lesions. FNA performed under CEUS guidance improves the accuracy of biopsy sampling.
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The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Specific information about critically ill COVID-19 patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is rare. To describe the clinical course and complications of critically ill patients with COVID-19 who received IMV and were successfully weaned from it. ⋯ Hospital-acquired infections occurred in 7 (63.6%) patients. Critical COVID-19 illness is characterized by acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and subsequent dysfunction of other organs with a high mortality rate. Correct ventilation strategies and other clinical strategies to improve oxygenation based on the skilled trained group and the availability of equipment are the key methods to rescue lives.
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Observational Study
Comparison of gait recovery patterns according to the paralyzed side in stroke patients: An observational study based on a retrospective chart review (STROBE compliant).
Gait rehabilitations have been abundantly performed for post-stroke patients, because gait is the most important factor for the return of post-stroke patients to daily life. However, conventional uniform gait rehabilitations tend to be tedious and reduce motivation. The aim of this study was to contribute to the development of personalized rehabilitation of gait by identifying differences in gait recovery pattern according to the paralyzed side of post-stroke patients. ⋯ In the correlation analysis among variables obtained using Treadmill, there were significant positive linear relationships between the lateral symmetry and the COP area (P < .05), and between the COP velocity and the lateral symmetry (P < .001) of the follow-up gait analysis in the right hemiparesis group. It was confirmed that the gait recovery pattern differs according to the paralyzed side of post-stroke patients and the role of the intact side, such as moving the COP to the intact side, is important for the improvement of gait function in both groups. This study was registered with the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) of the Korea National Institute of Health (NIH), Republic of Korea (KCT0002984) and was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the WKUGH (WKIRB [2018-25], November 28, 2018).
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Case Reports
SORL1 mutations are associated with parkinsonian and psychiatric features in Alzheimer disease: Case reports.
The sortilin-related receptor 1 gene (SORL1) encodes a key protein (SORLA) involved in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease (AD). SORLA also mediates a trophic pathway that acts through glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), a critical survival factor for the midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons. ⋯ These cases suggest that SORL1 mutations might result in aggregation of a-synuclein through altered function of GDNF and further lead to appearance of core dementia with Lewy bodies features.