Medicine
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This study aims to describe the occurrence, severity degree, and correlated risk factors of dental fluorosis among the 12-year-old schoolchildren of Jilin, China. We conducted a cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study among 960 12-year-old schoolchildren in Jilin. The Dean index was utilized to evaluate the severity degree of dental fluorosis. ⋯ The results of logistic regression showed that schoolchildren who brushed teeth more frequently (OR: 2.012, 95% CI 1.767-2.342), deficiency of parental supervision (OR: 4.219, 95% CI 3.887-4.573), and lived in rural areas (OR: 2.776, 95% CI 2.163-3.489) were more correlated with enamel fluorosis. Moreover, schoolchildren whose mothers or fathers were of high education level (OR: 0.336, 95% CI 0.217-0.413 and 0.346, 95% CI 0.113-0.512) and only child (OR: 0.378, 95% CI 0.213-0.415) were protective factors for dental fluorosis. In the Jilin province of China, the risk indicators for dental fluorosis include rural areas, more frequency of brushing, low educational background of parents, and deficiency of parental supervision.
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Meta Analysis
Herbal medicine for post-stroke insomnia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.
Post-stroke insomnia (PSI) is a highly prevalent complication in patients with stroke. However, there has been no comprehensive systematic review assessing the efficacy and safety of herbal medicine (HM) on PSI. This protocol was developed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the evidence related to the efficacy and safety of HM on PSI. ⋯ 10.17605/OSF.IO/PEHQZ.
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Observational Study
Personalized ß-lactam dosing in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pneumonia: A retrospective analysis on pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic target attainment.
Pathophysiological changes are important risk factors for critically ill patients with pneumonia manifesting sub-therapeutic antibiotic exposures during empirical treatment. The effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on antibiotic dosing requirements is uncertain. We aimed to determine the effect of COVID-19 on ß-lactam pharmacokinetics (PK) and PK target attainment in critically ill patients with a personalized dosing strategy. ⋯ Median daily doses were 50% lower compared to standard bolus dosing. COVID-19 did not significantly affect ß-lactam pharmacokinetics in critically ill patients. Personalized ß-lactam dosing strategies were safe in critically ill patients and lead to high PK target attainment with less resources.
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EFNA1 is a key gene that is associated with the pathogenesis of several human cancers. However, the prognostic role of EFNA1 in many cancers and the relationship between EFNA1 and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in different cancers remain unclear. The expression levels of EFNA1 in 33 types of cancer in the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database were collected via the UCSC Xena browser. ⋯ Moreover, EFNA1 expression was positively correlated with the levels of infiltrating CD4+ T cells, myeloid dendritic cells and neutrophils in LGG. GSEA suggested that several GO and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) items associated with nervous system function and apoptotic pathway were significantly enriched in the EFNA1-low and EFNA1-high expression phenotypes. EFNA1 may play a pivotal role in the development of LGG and may serve as a potential marker for LGG prognosis and therapy.
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Case Reports
Persistent anterior tunica vasculosa lentis in multisystemic smooth muscle dysfunction syndrome: A case report.
Multisystemic smooth muscle dysfunction syndrome (MSMDS) is a genetic disease that affects multiple organs. The report here concerns a patient with MSMDS, who is known so far as the youngest among all the reported patients. In addition to the typical manifestations, we observed previously unreported ocular abnormalities, including persistent anterior tunica vasculosa lentis (TVL) and early-onset retinal arteriolar tortuosity, by the fluorescein angiography (FA). ⋯ The persistent anterior TVL in this case implies that ACTA2 p.R179H mutation affects not only the smooth muscle cells but also the pericytes, and further affects the TVL regression. The prominent retinal arteriolar tortuosity in this 6-week-old infant indicates that the retinal arteriolar tortuosity can present early in MSMDS.