Medicine
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Evaluation of the proper chest compression depth for neonatal resuscitation using computed tomography: A retrospective study.
This study was created to assess whether a 30-mm depth of chest compression (CC) is sufficient and safe for neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. This retrospective analysis was performed with chest computed tomography scans of neonates in 2 hospitals between 2004 and 2018. We measured several chest parameters and calculated heart compression fraction (HCF) using the ejection fraction formula. ⋯ When we simulated CCs with a 30-mm depth, over-compression occurred more frequently in the preterm group (20%) compared to the term group (1.9%) (P = .014). A 30-mm depth could be appropriate for sufficient and safe neonatal resuscitation. Shallower CC should be considered in preterm babies.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Evaluation of efficacy and safety of systemic and topical intra-articular administration of tranexamic acid in primary unilateral total hip arthroplasty.
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent used to reduce bleeding in major surgical procedures. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of the systemic and topical intra-articular administration of TXA in total hip arthroplasty (THA). ⋯ The use of TXA to reduce blood loss and transfusion requirements in THA is an effective and safe concept in practice. The dose of 2 g TXA topically intra-articularly and a repeated bolus of 1 g TXA systematic led to lower intra- and postoperative bleeding and a significantly lower transfusion rate than the control group. Topical intra-articular TXA administration could be a reasonable alternative in high-risk patients.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Methodological considerations of evaluating the rate of presynaptic dopaminergic denervation in Parkinson disease with radiotracers: Analysis of the PPMI data.
Many previous studies have estimated the rate of dopaminergic denervation in Parkinson disease (PD) via imaging studies. However, they lack the considerations of onset age, disease duration at onset, gender, and dopaminergic denervation due to normal aging. Herein, using a large prospective cohort, we estimated the rate of dopaminergic denervation in PD patients, compared with an age- and gender-matched normal control group. ⋯ There was no significant relationship between the symptom duration and the percent decrease of striatal SBRs in the age- and gender-matched group. The significance and R2 values from the regression analysis between symptom duration, age, and dopaminergic denervation are low. This suggests that, contrary to previous knowledge, there is a relatively weak association between dopaminergic denervation and age or symptom duration.
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Probiotics supplementation has emerged as adjuvant therapy for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in recent years. However, the effects of probiotic preparations on serum inflammatory cytokine levels are still highly controversial and poorly documented. Therefore, we performed the protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis to further clarify the effects of probiotic preparations in CKD patients. ⋯ We hypothesized that probiotic preparations may decrease the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and protect the intestinal epithelial barrier of patients with CKD.
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This study aims to evaluate the effect of dose titration for different oral antiepileptic medications among children with epilepsy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A single-center prospective pilot, cohort study was undertaken at a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All medical records of pediatric patients below the age of 14 years of age who has been newly diagnosed with epilepsy by attending a medical specialist or on a new epileptic treatment plans were enrolled in the study. ⋯ Seventeen patients followed in the BNF guideline who were on levetiracetam were experienced less adverse effect (n = 2) with no behavioral changes. The group who followed the regular practice found having a greater incidence of documented adverse effects compared to the patients following the BNF guideline. The titrating antiepileptic medication has a detrimental effect on the pediatric population as observed in this study.